Download Computer Basic Terms & Terminology

MSBCS-BCSI-1
Students will identify computer system
components
MSBCS-BCSIII-8
Students will examine basics of
networking
Computer Basics & Terminology
Study Guide Test 1
7th grade
Bytes
 Megabyte (mb)
 1. A unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal one
million bytes.
 Kilobyte (kb)
 1. A unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal one
thousand bytes. See Note at megabyte.
 Gigabyte (gb)
 1. A unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal to one
billion bytes.
 Byte
 A sequence of adjacent bits operated on as a unit by a computer. A
byte usually consists of eight bits. Amounts of computer memory are
often expressed in terms of megabytes (1,048,576 bytes) or
gigabytes (1,073,741,824 bytes).
Computer Virus
• A computer program that can copy itself
and infect a computer without the
permission or knowledge of the owner.
CPU
 the part of a computer
(a microprocessor
chip) that does most
of the data
processing; "the CPU
and the memory form
the central part of a
computer to which the
peripherals are
attached"
Router
 A device that forwards
data packets along
networks.
Server
 A computer or device
on a network that
manages network
resources
Modem
 a device or program
that enables a
computer to transmit
data over, for
example, telephone
or cable lines.
Software
 General term for the
various kinds of
programs used to
operate computers
and related devices
Hardware
the physical parts of a computer system,
including the monitor, central processing
unit, memory, storage disks, printers and
scanners, and network equipment, such
as routers and servers
Flash Drive
 card that plugs into a
computer’s USB port
and functions as a
portable hard drive
 Also known as thumb
drive, pen drive, jump
drive
CD-ROM
 a compact disk that is
used with a computer
(rather than with an
audio system); a large
amount of digital
information can be
stored and accessed
but it cannot be
altered by the user
Software Piracy
The unauthorized copying of software.
Most retail programs are licensed for use
at just one computer site or for use by only
one user at any time. By buying the
software, you become a licensed user
rather than an owner (see EULA). You are
allowed to make copies of the program for
backup purposes, but it is against the law
to give copies to friends and colleagues.
Email
system for sending and receiving
messages electronically over a computer
network, as between personal computers.
Internet
 computer network
consisting of a
worldwide network of
computer networks
that use the TCP/IP
network protocols to
facilitate data
transmission and
exchange
Instant Messaging
 the exchange of text
messages through a
a software application
in real-time
Video Conference
 A discussion between
two or more groups of
people who are in
different places but
can see and hear
each other using
electronic
communications.
Memory
A device (as a chip) or a component of a
device in which information especially for a
computer can be inserted and stored and
from which it may be extracted when
wanted
RW
 Rewritable disc can
be erased and
recorded over
numerous times
without damaging the
medium.
 Examples: CD-RW,
DVD-RW
Browser
 A special software
program used to
access information on
the Internet
Home Page
The main page of a website to which all
other pages within the site are linked
HTML
A computer language that uses codes to
format documents displayed on the WWW.
File Extension
a suffix to the name of a computer file
applied to indicate the encoding
convention (file format) of its contents
Examples
.doc
Microsoft Word
.xls
Microsoft Excel
.ppt
PowerPoint