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APUSH Content Review #5
9. Progressives
10. Foreign Policy, Overseas
Expansion, & World War I
11. 1920s & Great Depression
12. World War 2 (part 1)
Progressives
Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
Progressives supported greater
participation in the political process
through all of the following EXCEPT:
Elections with direct primaries
initiative and referendum
direct election of senators
city manager government
What was Teddy Roosevelt’s attitude
toward trusts during the Progressive era?
1. the government should not interfere
with the operation of trusts
2. good trusts should be allowed to
exist but should be regulated
3. all trusts were bad because they
stifled competition
4. the wealth that trusts created
justified full government support
Wilson's New Freedom & Roosevelt's New
Nationalism were similar because both
1. expanded the rights of states to
regulate businesses
2. removed restrictions on the rights of
women and minorities
3. expanded the government's role in
regulating businesses & monopolies
4. expanded individualism & laissezfaire economic policies
The Federal Reserve improved the national
banking system by providing for:
1. greater elasticity of credit & currency
2. a national bank under the direct
control of the federal government
3. complete control over all U.S. banks
4. federal insurance of bank deposits
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act:
1. hurt unions & farmers by weakening
the Sherman Antitrust Act
2. helped Congress to control interstate
commerce
3. legalized strikes & peaceful picketing
4. Protected big businesses from work
stoppages or strikes
Progressives
Foreign Policy,
Overseas Expansion,
& World War I
Review
By 1900, U.S. overseas expansion was
encouraged by all of the following
EXCEPT:
1. yellow journalism
2. demands for commercial expansion
3. naval views of Alfred Thayer Mahan
4. a desire to build up a colonial empire
President Grover Cleveland rejected
the effort to annex Hawaii because:
1. the islands were not economically
productive
2. the U.S. did not have the naval power
to protect the islands
3. passage of the McKinley tariff made
Hawaiian sugar unprofitable
4. a majority of native Hawaiian opposed
annexation to the U.S.
The Spanish-American War resulted in:
1. independence for Cuba but a guerilla
war between the U.S. & Filipinos
2. American colonization of Cuba
3. Theodore Roosevelt's election as
president in 1900
4. independence of Puerto Rico
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe
Doctrine established
1. the right of the United States to build
and fortify the Panama canal
2. the independence of Panama
3. the right of European nations to
collect debts in Latin America
4. the right of the U. S. to act as a police
power in the Western Hemisphere
Which statement best summarizes the
Open Door Policy?
1. the United States should have its
own sphere of influence in China
2. Japan should be excluded from
trading with China
3. all nations should be granted equal
trading rights in China
4. the United States should control
international trade in the Pacific
Dollar diplomacy (American businessmen
should invest in underdeveloped countries
rather than offering U.S. government loans)
is associated with
1.
2.
3.
4.
Teddy Roosevelt
William Howard Taft
Woodrow Wilson
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Which was most crucial in bringing about
U. S. participation in World War I?
1. British propaganda
2. German use of submarines against
merchant and passenger ships
3. German violation of Belgian
neutrality
4. a German proposal to Mexico for a
joint war against the United States
Germany's “Sussex Pledge”
1. promised a temporary halt to
submarine warfare
2. apologized for sinking the Lusitania
3. warned the U.S. not to send
merchant ships to belligerent nations
4. proposed an alliance with Mexico if
the U.S. declared war on Germany.
President Woodrow Wilson viewed
America's entry into World War I as an
opportunity for the United States to
1. reestablish the balance of power in
European diplomacy
2. expand America's territorial holdings
3. rebuild its dangerously small military
4. shape a new international order
based on the ideals of democracy
As a result of their work supporting the war
effort, women
1. finally received the right to vote
2. in large numbers secured a
permanent foothold in the work force
3. were allowed to join the Air Force
4. proved that rationing and bond sales
were impossibilities in war time
During World War I, thousands of blacks
moved north because
1. northern cities were desegregated
2. they would be better protected by
northern anti-lynching laws
3. the best-paying jobs were located in
the industrialized North
4. Southerners allowed them to leave
The Creel Commission (CPI) during WWI
represented the USA’s first successful
attempt at large-scale governmental
1. armament manufacture
2. war bond sales
3. rationing program
4. propaganda
Under the Espionage and Sedition Acts of
1917-1918
1. criticism of government leaders or
war policies was a crime
2. there were 25 prosecutions and 10
convictions
3. speaking and writing against
Germany and Italy was a crime
4. the Federalist Party came to an end
The Red Scare of 1919-1920 was most
influenced by
1. massive steel strikes in western
Pennsylvania
2. the shock of the Bolshevik
Revolution in Russia
3. the demobilization of the American
army
4. the tremendous growth of the
Socialist party during World War I
American foreign policy toward Europe
during the 1920s was characterized by a..
1. willingness to forgive WWI debts
owed to the U. S. by former allies
2. domination of the League of Nations
3. trend toward isolationism, except for
the Kellogg-Briand Act
4. refusal to join the League of Nations
but willingness to join the World Court
Woodrow Wilson failed to obtain
ratification of the Versailles Treaty because
1. most senators opposed the League of
Nations under any circumstances
2. he made too many compromises with the
Republican opposition
3. he would not compromise on the League
with Senator Henry Cabot Lodge
4. he was unwilling to publicly campaign for
the Treaty
American Foreign Acquisitions, 1917
“Big Stick” Diplomacy
“Dollar” Diplomacy
“Moral” Diplomacy
U.S. Losses to the German Submarine
Campaign, 1916-1918
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
vs. Freedom of the Seas
Sussex Pledge
Zimmerman Telegram
“To Make the World Safe for Democracy”
Domestic Changes & Total War
Members of the League of Nations
Article X
“Mild Reservationists”
Henry Cabot Lodge &
the “Strong Reservationists”
“Irreconcilables”
1920s &
Great Depression
Review
Which of the following characterized the
economy of the 1920s?
1. an emphasis on heavy industry,
such as the production of railroads
2. a drop in the real wages of workers
3. a shift to the production of
consumer goods
4. increasing wealth in agricultural
By the end of the 1920s, what had become
the nation's largest industry?
1. Automobiles
2. Steel
3. Railroads
4. chemicals
Which best describes the administrations of
Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge?
1. “The trusts must be broken”
2. “The taste of empire is in the
mouths of the people”
3. “The business of gov’t is business”
4. “The world must be made safe for
democracy”
The most important problem faced by the
Democratic party in the 1920s was
1. a serious split between urban and
rural wings of the party
2. the party was losing its traditional
strength in the South
3. the fact that recent immigrants no
longer tended to support the party
4. the restriction of immigration reduced
the number of recruits to the party
The conclusion of the Sacco and Vanzetti
case suggested that
1. the two men were clearly guilty
2. many Americans had an unreasonable
fear of radicals and foreigners
3. African Americans could not get a fair
trial in most southern states
4. the two men needed better legal
representation
The mood of "normalcy" invoked by
President Warren G. Harding indicated
1. a return to the Jeffersonian ideal of
an agrarian republic
2. strict gov’t regulation of business
3. turning away from Europe and from
the Progressive programs
4. U. S. leadership in world affairs
The Immigration Acts of 1921 and 1924
1. limited immigration from Mexico for
the first time
2. exclusively targeted Chinese
immigrants
3. set quotas on immigration from parts
of Europe, Asia, and Africa
4. restricted all immigration from
Latin America
Which statement is most consistent with the
philosophy of Marcus Garvey's Universal
Negro Improvement Association?
1. blacks should demand integration in all
areas of American society
2. blacks should separate themselves from
corrupt white society
3. blacks must elect their own candidates
to political office
4. blacks must prove their ability at manual
jobs in order to achieve upward mobility
Which method of fighting the Depression
did President Herbert Hoover oppose?
1. federal welfare programs to give
relief directly to the poor
2. rugged individualism & volunteerism
3. loans by the gov’t to keep big
businesses from failing
4. increased state and local spending
for public works programs
Part of the reason for the stock market
crash was
1. the high rate of deflation in the 1920s
2. the 1920s tax policies which hurt the
wealthy who bought stocks
3. the buying of stock "on margin“
4. the low tariff which hurt American
foreign trade
Which was NOT a reason Franklin
Roosevelt tried to pack the Supreme Court?
1. most justices were interpreting the
Constitution too broadly
2. most of the Supreme Court justices
were conservative
3. the Court was declaring too many
New Deal programs unconstitutional
4. he wanted to ease the work load of
the Court's older members
The Social Security program of 1935
provided all of the following EXCEPT:
1. old age pensions paid for by taxes
on employers and workers
2. unemployment insurance
administered by the federal gov’t
3. federally administered assistance to
the blind and disabled
4. gov’t-created jobs for the elderly
The purpose of the PWA and WPA was
1. to provide employment through
federal deficit spending
2. to replace private enterprise, which
had failed so dramatically in 1929
3. to enable industries to plan
production and control prices
4. to provide jobs for African
Americans and other minorities
The longest-lasting change that occurred in
U.S. banking during the New Deal was
1. regular and repeated use of “bank
holidays”
2. federal insurance of bank deposits
3. gov’t takeover of the banking
system
4. taking the U.S. off the gold standard
All of the following were achieved during
the New Deal EXCEPT
1. a balanced budget
2. renewed confidence in banks
3. a gradual improvement in farm
conditions
4. a reduction in unemployment
The Wagner Act protected
1.
2.
3.
4.
agricultural workers
labor unions
minimum wage laws
African-Americans
The “FDR coalition" that helped the
Democratic party to dominate politics
included all of the following EXCEPT
1.
2.
3.
4.
traditional support in the South
Big business capitalists
urban industrial workers
immigrants, blacks, & minorities
This New Deal critic suggested a "Share
Our Wealth" program that guaranteed an
annual income to every American family
1. Dr. Francis Townshend
2. Reverend Charles Coughlin
3. John L. Lewis
4. Huey Long
1920s consumerism led to luxury living:
New appliances like refrigerators, washing
machines, & vacuums
Glenwood
Stove Ad
Unemployment, 1929-1942
Relief:
Civilian
Conservation
Corps
&
Reform:Works
FDIC
&
Social
Security
TheProjects
New
Deal
Act
–Relief—immediate action to halt
the economic deterioration
–Recovery—temporary programs
to increase consumer purchase
power
–Reform—permanent programs
to avoid another depression
Recovery: Agricultural Adjustment Act &
National Industrial Recovery Act
World War 2
Review
The strategy behind the Lend-Lease
program was to?:
1. continue American neutrality at all
costs during World War 2
2. support non-Communist nations at
the close of World War 2
3. aid American business interests in
Latin America
4. support England against Germany
without the U.S. entering WW2
The biggest reason for hostility between the
U.S. and Japan in 1941 was
1. Japanese control of the natural
resources of southeast Asia
2. Japanese occupation of China
3. an American the embargo on war
supplies to Japan
4. the Japanese alliance with
Germany and Italy
1.
2.
3.
4.
As Italy invaded Ethiopia and Japan
invaded China, the U.S.
encouraged the League of Nations
to impose economic sanctions
sent men, money, and material to
the invaded countries
was outraged but relied on
appeasement and non-intervention
joined the League of Nations in
declaring war
The Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway
were significant in
1. saving the Philippines from invasion
2. stopping the Japanese army's drive
through Burma
3. ending Japanese advances in the
Pacific
4. forcing the U.S. to drop the atomic
bomb
American attitudes toward Jews fleeing
persecution in Europe were reflected in the
1. refusal to relax immigration
restrictions for Jews
2. emotional welcome given the
passengers aboard the St. Louis
3. monetary and legal assistance given
to Jews for immigration
4. acceptance of Jews in the U.S.
During the WW2, African Americans
1. moved from the North to the South
to fill vacated agricultural jobs
2. fought in a segregated military
3. received support from FDR for civil
rights legislation
4. were not allowed to fight in the army
Which of the following was agreed to at
the Yalta Conference (1945)
1. the invasion of Sicily
2. the creation of a Council of Foreign
Ministers to draft peace treaties
3. an agreement to divide Germany
into four military zones
4. the USSR agreed to invade Japan
once Germany was defeated
1.
2.
3.
4.
World War 2 brought about all of the
following changes EXCEPT
increasing the number of Americans
who moved from rural areas to cities
war-time industrial production ended
the Great Depression
sharp decline in the legal migration
of Mexicans into the U.S.
dramatic changes in the roles and
expectations of women
In WW2, the USA & England agreed to a
strategy that would
1. concentrate on defeating Japan first
before turning to Germany
2. fight only against Japan, leaving the
Russians to fight Germany alone
3. divide all resources equally between
the war against Japan and Germany
4. concentrate on defeating Germany
first before turning on Japan
Issued by President Roosevelt in 1941,
Executive Order No. 8802
1. fully integrated the U.S. army
2. helped blacks moving from the South
3. required defense industries to end
racial discrimination in war-time jobs
4. created a commission to study ways
to create federal income tax
1.
2.
3.
4.
In waging war against Japan, the U.S.
relied mainly on a strategy of
bombing from Chinese air bases
island hopping in the Pacific to
within striking distance of Japan
invading Japanese strongholds in
Southeast Asia
transporting supplies from India
over the Himalayan mountains
Truman used the atom bomb against Japan
for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
1. he hoped to keep the Soviet Union
from invading Japan
2. his basic motivation was to save
American lives
3. he believed it would show the USSR
that the USA was more superior
4. he believed it would make a military
invasion of Japan unnecessary.
At the end of both World War I and World
War II, the United States
1. joined a multinational organization
aimed at preserving world peace
2. formed military alliances to guard
against invasion by mutual enemies
3. entered a recession that made the
transition to peace time difficult
4. Became very anti-communist and
persecuted many suspected radicals
Lend-Lease Supply Routes
Washington Naval Conference
& Kellogg-Briand Pact
Neutrality Acts of 1935-1937 created
the Cash & Carry Policy
Destroyers for Bases Deal
Lend-Lease Act 1940
Atlantic Charter with England
Office of War Information directed
press, print, radio, & film propaganda
Office of War Mobilization coordinated the
draft, consumer prices, & the labor force
War Production Board directed U.S. industry
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