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Transcript
Blood Ch. 7
Oxygen
The Functions
of
the
Circulatory
System
intake
Food and
Elimination of
water intake
carbon dioxide
The Human Body
Respiratory
system
O2
CO2
Nutrients,
salt, water
Digestive
system
Water, salts,
metabolic waste
Circulatory
system
Urinary
system
Metabolic
waste
Transport
to and from
all cells
Elimination of
food residues,
metabolic wastes
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Elimination of
excess water, salts,
metabolic wastes
Figure 7.1
The Functions of Blood
 Transportation
 Nutrients, waste, hormones
 Regulation
 Temperature, water volume, pH
 Defense
 Against infections and bleeding
PLAY
Animation—Blood
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
The Components of Blood
 Plasma (55%)






Water
Electrolytes
Proteins (albumins, globulins, clotting proteins)
Hormones
Gases
Nutrients and wastes
 Formed elements (45%)
 RBCs
 WBCs
 Platelets
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Red Blood Cells
 Functions: transport oxygen and carbon
dioxide
 Measurement: hematocrit, hemoglobin
 Origin: stem cells
 Life span: 120 days in humans
 Control of production: erythropoietin
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
White Blood Cells
 Functions
 Protection from infection
 Regulation of the inflammatory reaction
 Two Types
 Granular: neutrophils, eosinophils, and
basophils
 Agranular: lymphocytes and monocytes
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Hemostasis
 Three Stages
 Vascular spasm: constriction of blood
vessels to reduce blood flow
 Platelet plug formation: sealing of the
ruptured blood vessel
 Coagulation: formation of a blood clot
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Blood Types Determine Blood Compatibility
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 7.12
Blood Typing Concepts
 Antigen vs. antibody
 ABO system
 Rh system and Rh factor in pregnancy
PLAY
Animation—Blood Types
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Blood Disorders
 Anemia: reduction in oxygen-carrying
capacity
 Leukemia: a form of cancer
 Multiple myeloma: a form of cancer
 Mononucleosis: Epstein-Barr virus
infection
 Septicemia: “blood poisoning”
 Thrombocytopenia: reduction in platelet
number
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.