Download Cardiovascular Anatomy

Circulatory System
Bellwork
• How much blood do you think is pumped
throughout the body each day?
– 7,000 Liters
• How many times does your heart beat in a
lifetime?
– 2.5 billion times
I. Function:
A. Pump fluid throughout the body for gas
exchange
B. Circulation allows tissues to receive oxygen
and nutrients and to remove wastes
II. Structure:
A. Blood- fluid that delivers gas between alveoli
and tissues
B. Heart- Pumps blood through two circuits
C. Blood vessels- Distributes blood to alveoli
and tissues
C. Blood vessels
a) Veins: deliver oxygen depleted blood from
tissues to the heart
b) Arteries: deliver oxygen rich blood from the
heart to the tissues
c) Capillaries: small tubules that are the site of
nutrient, electrolyte, gas, and waste
exchange
D. Circuits
• The cardiovascular system is made of two
circuits:
1) Pulmonary circuit: sends deoxygenated blood
to the lungs to pick up oxygen and unload
carbon dioxide
2) Systemic circuit: sends oxygenated blood and
nutrients to all body cells and removes
wastes
Video Clips
• School House Rock Do the Circulation
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3ZDJgFD
dk0&feature=related circulatory system
Circulation and Heart Anatomy
Pulmonary Circulation
1. Deoxygenated blood begins in the right side of
the heart.
2. Heart pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs via
(pulmonary) arteries.
3. Blood releases CO2 and picks up O2 at the
alveoli of lungs. Gas exchange occurs at
capillaries.
4. Blood is now oxygenated.
5. Oxygenated blood returns to the left side of the
heart via (pulmonary) veins.
Systemic Circulation
6. Heart pumps oxygenated blood to body
tissues via arteries (aorta).
7. Blood releases O2 and picks up CO2 at the
body tissues. Gas exchange occurs at
capillaries.
8. Blood is now deoxygenated.
9. Deoxygenated blood returns to the right side
of the heart via veins (superior and inferior
vena cava).
Anatomy of the Heart
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Four chambers
Septum
Major veins
Major arteries
Valves
Covering & Wall of Heart
A. Four Chambers
• Heart is divided into four hollow chamberstwo on the left, two on the right
– Atria: Upper chambers; thin walls.
*Receive blood returning to heart from veins.
– Ventricles: Lower chambers.
*Receive blood from atria.
*Contract to force blood out of the heart and into
arteries.
• Label the four chambers on your sheet.
B. Septum
• A solid wall-like barrier that separates the left
atrium & ventricle from the right atrium &
ventricle
• Label diagram
C. Major veins
a. Vena cava:
– Two large veins that give blood to the right atrium
from the systemic circuit
1. Superior vena cava: 2 branches combine
2. Inferior vena cava: 1 branch
**Carry de-oxygenated blood
b. Pulmonary veins:
- Give blood to the left atrium from the
pulmonary circuit
**Carry oxygenated blood
Label Diagram
D. Major Arteries
a. Pulmonary trunk: branches into 2 pulmonary
arteries that bring de-oxygenated blood to
the lungs from the right ventricle
b. Aorta: large artery that brings blood from left
ventricle to the tissues of the systemic circuit.
Divides into three branches.
Label Diagram
E. Valves
• In the heart we have valves which connect
different parts of the heart. For example: RA &
RV
– What would the purpose of this valve be?
E. Valves
• A valve allows the one-way flow of blood
between two parts of the heart. (Similar to a
sphincter)
• A cusp is a tapered projection on the valve
• Draw bicuspid vs. tricuspid:
E. Valves
1. Atrioventricular (A-V) valves: separate the
atria from the ventricles
i. Mitral (bicuspid) valve: left side of heart
ii. Tricuspid valve: right side of heart, prevents
backflow
2. Pulmonary valve: at the base of the
pulmonary trunk. Three cusps.
3. Aortic valve: found at the base of the atria.
Three cusps.
F. Covering & Wall of Heart
• Pericardium: tissue layers which enclose the
heart & proximal ends of veins & arteries
• 3 parts of wall help to protect and supply
nutrients, nerves, capillaries
• Draw 3 layers of wall
Pair Work Worksheet
• Label major parts of heart & flow of blood
ALSO…
• Label the 4 major arteries/veins
• Label the 4 major valves
• Mark where blood is oxygenated & where
blood is deoxygenated