Download Reconstruction - Cloudfront.net

“Reconstruction”
Rebuilding the Nation
After the Civil War
Chapter 16
Reconstruction occurred
after the Civil War was over
in 1865
Gradually the Southern states
were brought back into the Union
– One by One …
Difficulties During
Reconstruction
 The South lay in
ruins
 Money was scarce
 Freed slaves were
without food and
shelter
 Still North/South
differences
 Bitterness on both
sides
“Juneteenth”
 June 19th 1865
 General Gordon
Granger
 Galveston
 Celebrated 1st
news of freedom
Reconstruction
 Union troops
occupied the
South
 50,000 Union
troops were
stationed in
Texas
Lincoln had wanted to be
soft-hearted and kind toward
the defeated South …
… He thought the South had never
really left the Union …
Andrew Johnson
 Followed Lincoln’s
plan …
 A provisional
government was set
up in each state
 The provisional
government would
govern until the
state was readmitted to the
Union
 Each state must
prohibit slavery and
nullify its previous
secession
Southern citizens should
take a new
Oath of Allegiance
to the United States
Some people would need
a special Presidential
pardon …
Each state would need to
write a NEW State
Constitution
The Freedman’s Bureau
 Federal Agency
for freed slaves
 Helped homeless
 Helped poor
 Jobs
 Food and clothing
 Public Schools
Oath of Allegiance
to the Union
BUT, Southern leaders in Texas
refused to ratify the 13th and 14
Amendments …
So, there is a DELAY
13th Amendment - abolished slavery
14th Amendment - granted citizenship to
former slaves
Black Codes
 No vote
 No court
testimony
 No service on a
jury
 Job limitations;
mainly only
farmers
 They were
offensive laws
Poor Sharecroppers
Sharecropping is a
system of agriculture in
which a landowner
allows a tenant to use
the land in return for a
share of the crops
produced on the land.
Radical Republicans in
Congress
 Disagreed with
plans of Johnson
and Lincoln
 Strict standards
for re-admittance
 Stronger
protections for
Blacks in the South
General Sheridan
 In control of Texas
General Sheridan & Rienzi
Washington & Lee College
Lexington, Virginia
“Scalawags” and “Carpetbaggers”
 Scalawags –
Southern whites
who supported
Reconstruction
 Carpetbaggers –
Northerners who
came to the South
looking for work;
brought possessions
with them in
“carpeted” bags
(bags made of thick
fabric)
Ku Klux Klan
 A “hate group” formed during Reconstruction
 Used violence and threats to prevent AfricanAmericans from voting
 Whipped and hanged Blacks who tried to
assert their rights
The New Radical Republican
Congress quickly ratified the
14th and 15 Amendments for
African-Americans
1874 –
Reconstruction ended in
Texas
Elsewhere in the U.S.,
it concluded around 1877