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Civil War Review
Causes—Slavery
• The most common belief is that the Civil War was fought
over the issue of slavery.
– Slavery was a dividing issue in the United States.
– Why did the South need slavery?
• Agriculture needed a large labor force
– Why was the North able to survive without slavery?
• Industrial economy did not need slave labor
– While slavery was a contributing factor, keep in mind that some
slave states (Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri)
remained in the Union
– Also, when Lincoln made the Emancipation Proclamation to free
the slaves, it only applied to the southern states who were fighting
the Union.
Causes—States Rights
• The real reason the Civil War was fought was over the issue of states
rights.
• Southerners believed that the states should determine the issue of
slavery.
– They did not think the federal government had the right to determine the
issue.
– They believed in the idea of popular sovereignty, which meant the people
of the state would determine if the state would allow slavery or not.
• Another major issue was secession, or breaking away from the Union.
– President Lincoln’s main concern was to keep the Union together.
– He did not believe states had the right to leave, and he was willing to fight
to keep them as a part of the Union.
Civil War Statistics
• Casualties
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360,000 Union Soldiers Killed
275,000 Union Soldiers Wounded
260,000 Confederate Soldiers Killed
260,000 Confederate Soldiers Wounded
• Cost
– Over $20 billion