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Mind Map Chemical substances found in the organisms inorganic substances organic substances water carbohydrates act as 1. fuels 2. food stores 3. structural materials in plants fats act as 1. energy stores 2. structural material of cell membrane proteins nucleic acids act as 1. structural components of cells importance 1. solvent 2. medium of transport 3. reactant 4. cooling agent 2. fuel 5. supporting agent make up genes 6. transport of gametes in sexual reproduction 7. temperature maintenance minerals play important roles in metabolism Mind Map working together to form Cells can be observed with consist of microscope Animal cells Plant cells contain tissues contain working together to form nucleus cytoplasm vacuole contains contains chromosomes function control cells’ activities mitochondria are used in respiration cell membrane cell sap contains function support the cells non-living granules which are food or waste materials function control of materials in and out of the cell chloroplasts (in plant cells only) are used in photosynthesis cell wall function support and prevent entry of excess water organs working together to form system Mind Map Metabolism substances move across cell membrane by includes 1. diffusion 1. anabolism 2. active transport 2. catabolism 3. osmosis can be speeded up by active sites enzyme activity is affected by 1. temperature 2. pH 1. biological catalysts 1. reusable 2. specific 2. protein 3. reversible can be explained by lock-and-key hypothesis 4. small amount is enough Mind Map Diversity of organisms the order of biological classification a tool for classification dichotomous key kingdom phylum class order family genus species Mind Map a non-cellular entity Diversity of organisms viruses can be classified into 1. prokaryotae 2. protoctista 3. fungi 4. plantae 5. animalia classified into classified into invertebrates non-flowering plants classified into flowering plants is also called angiosperms mosses ferns gymnosperms vertebrates classified into 1. fishes 2. amphibians classified into 3. reptiles monocotyledons dicotyledons 4. birds 5. mammals