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Parts of the Brain
Kelly Pyzdrowski
Breaking the Brain Apart
• The right side of the cerebrum controls
things such as imagination and 3-D forms.
• The left side, controls numbering skills,
posture, and reasoning.
• The hemispheres also consist of many
other parts such as the lobes.
• The more we think, the more calories we
burn…
The Right Brain vs Left Brain test...
• http://www.doctorhugo.org/brain4/test4.ht
ml
Each hemisphere is divided into
four lobes:
1. the frontal (planning and thinking- rational and
executive control center of the brain, higher
order thinking, direct problem solving, and
regulating excess emotion) contains self will,
a.k.a. personality trauma=personality change
2. parietal (spatial orientation, calculation, and
recognition)
3. temporal (deal with sound, music, face and
object recognition, and some parts long term
memory)
4. occipital lobes (visual processing)
Motor Cortex and Somatosensory
Cortex
Motor Cortex and Somatosensory
Cortex (Between Parietal and
Frontal Lobes)
Motor Cortex
Somatosensory
Cortex
• Control Body Movement
• Works with cerebellum to
coordinate the learning of
motor skills
• Processes touch signals
received from various
parts of the body
Brainstem
• Oldest and Deepest
part of the Brain
• 11 of 12 body nerves
end here in brainstem
• Body functions (heart
beat, respiration, and
body temperature)
are monitored and
controlled
Limbic System
• Above brainstem
Four parts:
1. The Thalamus
2. The Hypothalamus
3. The Hippocampus
4. The Amygdala
Limbic System
1. The Thalamus- all incoming sensory
information (except smell) goes here first
2. The Hypothalamus- monitors the internal
systems to maintain the normal state of
the body (homeostasis) by controlling the
release of hormones it can moderate
body functions (sleep, food intake, and
liquid intake) WARNING- if out of
balance difficult to concentrate
Limbic System (cont.)
1. The Hippocampus- major role in consolidating
learning and converting information to memory
(if damaged or removed can not remember
anything afterward)
2. The Amygdala- plays an important role in
emotions and regulates interactions with
environment (attack, escape, mate, or eat)
These parts of the brain work together to ensure
that we remember for a long time those events
that are important and emotional!!!
Cerebrum and Cerebellum
Cerebrum
• Soft jellylike mass
• Nearly 80 percent of the
brain by weight
• Pale gray and wrinkled
• Marked by furrows called
fissures
• One large fissure runs
through and divides
cerebrum into halves
• Nerves from left side
cross to right (vice versa)
• Hemispheres covered by
cortex (1/10th inch thick)
• Where most of the action
takes place (thinking,
memory, speech, and
muscular movement)
• Neurons connect with
each other here to form
neural networks
Cerebellum
• Latin for “little brain”
• 11 % of brain weight
• Deeply folded and highly
structured containing
more neurons than all of
the rest of the brain put
together
• Coordinates movement
(complex motor tasks:
golf swings, dancer’s
footsteps, cup to lips)
• Mental rehearsal of motor
tasks
• Damaging would cause
slower and simpler
movement
• Researchers believe it
acts as a support to
cognitive processing by
coordinating and fine
tuning our thoughts
emotions, senses, and
memories
What part of the brain?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErjP5xMT
c8I
Movie compared to Brain…
In the romantic comedy, Lucy is the main character who suffered a
brain injury in a car accident. Her main symptom was loss of shortterm memory. This is caused by damage to the hippocampus, inside
the temporal lobe, as the hippocampus controls memory functions.
The character Oola is a friend of Henry Roth, whom helps come up
with clever ideas to help Lucy fall in love with Henry everyday. Oola
is affecting his neurotransmitters by the daily use of marijuana.
Marijuana works as an agonist, it blocks the receptor site, and the
neurotransmitters cannot get across the synapse.
Sean Astin’s character, Doug, is Lucy’s aggressive brother. This
aggression can be attributed to his abuse of steroids. This steroid
abuse may have affected Doug’s amygdala, the part of the limbic
system that controls aggression and fear. Conversely, it may have
affected Doug’s hypothalamus, which is also involved in aggression.
Visuals
• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/i
mages/ency/fullsize/18007.jpg
• http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/basic
s/braintut/f_ab16limbic.gif
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErjP5xM
Tc8I
• http://www.myschoolhouse.com/courses/c/
3/Images/brain.gif