Download Soft Tissue Injuries

Soft Tissue Injuries
Daily Objectives
 Content Objectives
 Review the skeletal and muscular system.
 Gain a basic foundational knowledge regarding soft tissue
injuries.
 Language Objectives
 Questions & Answer Sessions
 Complete Guided Reading Assignments
 Complete Scenario Assignments
Pace Lap
 What are the four common characteristics of all
muscles?
Guided Reading Assignment
 Please read page 315 -316 regarding The Contraction of Skeletal
Muscle and complete the Flow Map Puzzle.
 Define these three terms:
 Motor Unit
 Neuromuscular Junction
 Acetylcholine
4
Scenario Assignment #1
 An athlete limps into the athletic training room during basketball
practice complaining of Right Ankle pain. She states that while
coming down from getting a rebound she inverted her right ankle.
She states that she felt a “pop” and an intense pain on the lateral
part of her ankle. During your observation you note that there is
moderate swelling, pain, and some ecchymosis (discoloration).
The special test reveal some ligamentous laxity compared to the
opposite ankle.
 What type of injury do you think that the athlete has?
 How are your going to treat it?
 When can they return to play?
5
Scenario Assignment #2
 While covering a high school track meet an athlete walks
over to you and complains of pain in the posterior aspect of
his right upper leg. He states that as he was running and he
felt a “pop”. During your assessment you notice that his
hamstring is cramping (spasm) and that he can not actively
flex the knee without his pain increasing. Active and Passive
hip flexion also cause pain. ROM is limited due to pain.
 What type of injury do you think that the athlete has? (Be Specific)
 How should you manage it?
 When can they return to play?
6
Soft Tissue Injuries
 Often occur from external
forces or overuse.
 Types
 Strains
 Sprains
 Tendonitis
 Bursitis
 Contusions.
7
Muscle Strains
 An injury to the muscle caused by twisting or pulling of a muscle or
a tendon.
 Mechanism of Injury
 Traumatic movement (Acute)
 Overuse (Chronic)
 Signs and Symptoms
 Pain
 Spasm
 Weakness
 Localized Swelling
 Loss of Function
 Some Ecchymosis
8
Muscle Strain Management
 Phase 1 (24-48 hours)
 Goal: Reduce Swelling and Pain
 Use of RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)
 OTC or Prescription NSAID (Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory
Drug)
 Phase 2 (Rehabilitation)
 Goal: Restore function of the injured body part.
 Use of exercises and modalities to restore ROM and strength
 Time frame depends on the severity of the initial injury.
 Gradual return to activity.
9
Ligament Sprain
 Injury resulting from a fall, sudden
twist, or blow that forces a joint out
of its’ normal position.
 Grade I (Mild)
 Minimal pain and swelling
 No loss of function
 Grade II (Moderate)
 Moderate pain and swelling
 Some loss of function
 Some ecchymosis
 Grade III (Severe)
 Sever e pain, swelling, and
ecchymosis.
 Ligamentous Laxity
 Loss of Function
10
Ligament Sprain Management
 Refer to physician for X-ray if Grade II or Grade III
 Immobilization
 Time depends on severity of sprain.
 RICE for 24-48 hours
 Rehabilitation exercises to restore full pain free strength and
ROM.
 Must complete Sports Specific Activities prior to returning
to play.
11
Tendonitis & Bursitis
 Tendonitis
 Inflammation of the tendon.
 Bursitis
 Inflammation of the bursa.
 Mechanisms of Injury
 Overuse (Most Common Cause)
 Acute blow form and external force (Bursitis only)
 Signs and Symptoms
 Pain over the affected tissue.
 Pain increases with movement.
 Pain is worse at night
Tendonitis & Bursitis Management
 Prevention is the best form of management.
 Gradually increase activity to avoid excessive stress in a short
time period.
 Avoid activities that cause pain.
 NSAIDS
 Increase strength and flexibility of injured muscles that
support the specific joint articulation.
Contusions
 Injury resulting form a direct blow
that does not break the skin.
 Signs and Symptoms
 Ecchymosis
 Localized Pain
 Treatment




Ice in stretched position
Rehabilitation
Maintain Muscle Activity.
Beware of Myositis Ossificans
 A calcification that forms within the
muscle.