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An introduction to Identity with WIF & AD FS 2.0
About Todd Anderson
Principal Consultant, CAthreads.net
Expertise in WF 4, AppFabric & WIF
Co-Developed AppFabric Training Kit for
MS & ISV Starter Kit
Email me: [email protected]
About Zoiner Tejada
President TejadaNET
Software Consultant
Author, Trainer & Speaker
Microsoft Influencer & CSD Advisor
10+ years experience
Architecture SIG
CS Degree Stanford University
Email me: [email protected]
Windows Identity Foundation
 This presentation will focus on how WIF:
 Can be used with websites as well as web services.
 Makes life much easier for the developer.
 Opens up possibilities that normally have been
prohibitively complex.
 Now to introduce the participants of this presentation:
The Ultimate Surfboard...
The WIFboard
 WIF (Windows Identity Foundation)–
 It’s not just about Federation, it’s about outsourcing
security decisions
 Designed to integrate with ASP.NET and WCF
applications.
The Surf Spot
Relying Party (RP)
 Replying parties are your applications:
 Web Sites

WIF is used with a passive client, the browser.
 Web Services

WIF is used in an Active manner.
The Kahuna
STS / Identity Provider
 Kahuna is the Hawaiian term for Authority
 The same goes for a Security Token Service.
 A Security Token Service is an authority on providing
identity for the relying party.

An STS is generally a web service.
 The Surf Spot expects to know how to talk with the
Kahuna.
 Various standards at play to achieve this.
The Shaka
Security Tokens
 Security Tokens contain claims.
 These claims are information the RP needs to know
about the user.
For permission to surf at the spot, the surfer must go to
that spot’s Kahuna and ask for a shaka, then present this
shaka to the surf spot.
The Surfer (user)
 In order to have authorization to surf at a surf spot
(RP), the surfer must get shakas from the Kahuna
(STS) and present them.
 Some surf spots require a closer look at the shakas
(security token claims) from the Kahuna.
This surfer’s claim indicates he’s ridden ten foot barrels!
He can surf here.
The Surf Mobile
FedUtil.exe
 FedUtil.exe is a configuration wizard that’s run against
your application (RP)
 It tells the surf spot to trust the Kahuna
 To use FedUtil.exe in Visual Studio
 Right-click your website or web service
 select "Add STS Reference...“

Provide information about
 The location of your RP
 What STS to use
 Certificate settings
Demo
 Create a claims enabled web site that utilizes a simple
STS
 Create a claims enabled web service that utilizes a
simple STS
All you need to go surf
 A standards compliant Kahuna (STS)
 A surf spot (RP)
 The Surf Mobile (FedUtil.exe)
 A trusty WIFboard
Passive Federation
 WSFAM - WSFederationAuthenticationModule
 Enables passive authentication
 SAM - SessionAuthenticationModule
 Handles sessions.
 CAM - ClaimsAuthorizationModule (CAM)
 You configure your claims-based authorization here.
DEMO
 Converting a membership/role provider based
website to a claims based one
Federating identity
 How would a surf spot trust the authority of
Kahunas from other islands?
 When your RP wants to authorize users from multiple
IP-STSs, you use an FP-STS as an intermediary between
the IP-STSs and your RP.
Federation Provider
 A Federation Provider is also an STS, but it passes
thru or transforms claims
 The FP-STS accepts the tokens from the IP-STSs and if
necessary, can transform the claims in these tokens
before providing them to the RP.
Where is my Kahuna
Home Realm Discovery (HRD)
 When there is more than one Kahuna for a user to
authenticate at..
 Upon arriving at the RP, you need to be redirected to the
correct IP-STS for authentication.
 Two approaches


Indicate which Kahuna via URL
Have user pick from list
Delegation
 Without WIF, it is similar to needing a different
surfboard for each condition you may encounter.
 Trusted Subsystem is a security risk


When Johnny Utah logs into the web application, he is
actually using Brodiliah’s admin account to be able to
access the backend data.
With some clever tricks, Johnny could be able to gain access
to information he’s not supposed to be able to reach.
 The solution? Keep passing the original users
credentials with delegation, tacking on other claims as
needed downstream.
Federating Non-Claims Aware Apps
 Claims to Windows Token Service (C2WTS)
 C2WTS enables use of legacy or 3rd party systems that
rely on Windows Integrated Authorization and cannot
be migrated to using claims.
 Claims presented are converted to an impersonated
Windows identity on the local box and the target
application works as before.
 e.g., SQL Server
let’s look at AD FS 2.0...
What is AD FS 2.0?
LDAP
MS SQL
Website
Web
Service
Claims
Engine
Federation Server
Proxy
Management
Snap-in
Other Claims Providers
Federation Server
CA
IBM
SUN
WIF
Other STS
Windows Server 2003, 2008 SP2, 2008 R2
Windows 7, Vista SP2
WIF
Windows Internal DB
.NET 3.5 SP1
IIS 6/7
Relying Parties
Active
Directory
AD FS 2.0 Major Components
Attribute Stores
AD FS 2.0 provides access and single sign-on for on-premises
and cloud-based applications in the enterprise, across
organizations, and on the Web
Browser
Apps
Smart
Clients
Web
Services
ADFS 2.0 Benefits
 Benefits of SSO
 reduce administrative overhead
 reduce security vulnerabilities as a result of lost or stolen passwords
 improve user productivity
 Intra-Enterprise:
 provide SSO for all your web sites and applications
 Pan-Enterprise:
 provide SSO experiences for your users to access apps in other
organizations
 provide SSO experience for users from external organizations to
access your apps
 Easily externalize authentication & authorization
 Rich claims rules processing engine
 Management & Configuration Tools
Why even consider AD FS 2.0?
 Building a production-ready STS is hard.
 The Visual Studio STS templates are just starters for
trivial dev scenarios.
 Lot's of config to manage, UI's to present in real world
STS!
Moving to ADFS
Configure the
RP to trust AD
FS
Configure AD
FS to trust RP
Configure Rules
• Issuance Transform
rules
• Issuance
Authorization rules
DEMO
 Migrating from a development STS to AD FS 2.0
Other Scenarios
Delegation
Federating with another Claims Provider
Leveraging Attribute Stores other than Active
Directory
Useful Links
 Blog: http://TheWorkflowElement.com
 WIF Dev Center - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/security/aa570351.aspx
 For WIF SDK LABS link to Online STS (AD FS 2)

https://ip-sts-01.federatedidentity.net/federationmetadata/200706/federationmetadata.xml

There's a few links floating around that are wrong...this is
the correct one.
 C2WTS - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/library/ee517278.aspx
 ADFS How to Guides - http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/dd727938(WS.10).aspx (  )
 Self-STS - http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/SelfSTS