Download BATTERIES

BATTERIES
TEAM: ATE
Names of Team
Members
Goals & Purpose
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Redox Reactions
Explain how batteries work
Explain how energy is produced
Explain Battery Arrangements
Different types of batteries
Batteries are EVERYWHERE!
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Technology in US continuously
advancing-smaller batteries w/
more power
flashlights, pagers, cell phones, ipod, laptops, cars, etc.
dependent on batteries and how
long they keep their charge
REDOX REACTIONS
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AKA Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
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transfer of electrons between atoms
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Oxidation involves a loss of electrons
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Reduction involves a gain in electrons
BATTERIES
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Put redox reactions to use
Convenient way of
generating electricity
Electrical energy can be
obtained from any
electrochemical cell
When several cells are
connected to provide
sufficient power- these cells
are known as BATTERIES
How batteries work…
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Every battery has two terminals
– Positive + & Negative Normal flashlight batteries the ends
are the terminals
Large car batteries have two heavy
lead posts that act as terminals
Electrons collect on negative end
Connect wire between two terminals &
electrons flow through it from the
negative to the positive terminal
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Electrons must flow from battery
through wire from the negative to the
positive terminal for the chemical
reaction to take place
The speed of electron production by
this chemical reaction controls how
many electrons can flow between the
terminals
Unless electrons are flowing reaction
does not take place… this is why
batteries can sit for years and still work
Battery Arrangements
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Group together serially to form
higher voltage (voltages add up)
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Group together parallel to form
higher current (currents add up)
CURRENT – flow of electric charge
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Electronic and electrical things 'work'
because electrons are flowing through
them
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This is current (I) measured in amps.
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The more amps, the hotter, faster,
louder, etc
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Talking of current is always relative to a
SINGLE POINT in a circuit... the number
of electrons passing that point
VOLTAGE – potential energy
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What makes the electrons move
Voltage is always a comparison
between two points
one point is assumed to be the
'zero voltage' point
Types of Batteries
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Zinc-Carbon- standard carbon battery used
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Alkaline- Common in Duracell & Energizer
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Lithium Photo- lithium, lithium iodide, and
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Lead-acid-automobiles – oxide electrodes –
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Nickel-cadmium- nickel-hydroxide &
in all inexpensive AA, C, & D dry cell batteries
batteries – zinc & manganese-oxide
lead-iodide used – ability to supply power
surges
(rechargeable)
potassium-hydroxide electrodes (rechargeable)
Types continued…
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Nickel-metal hydride- rapidly replacing
nickel due to not suffering from memory effect
(rechargeable)
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Lithium-ion-very good power-to-weight ratio
– high-end laptop computers and cell phones
(rechargeable)
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Zinc-air- lightweight and rechargeable
Zinc-mercury oxide- hearing aids
Silver-zinc- aeronautical applications – good
power-to-weight ratio
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Metal-chloride- electric vehicles - scooter
QUIZ Question…
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Name seven things that you
personally use batteries for:
SOURCES
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Baird, Colin and Gloffke, Wendy. (2005).
Chemistry in Your Life. New York: W. H.
Freeman and Company.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/
http://www.chemistry.mnsu.edu/
http://www.duracell.com/landing.asp
http://www.energizer.com/