Download Crusades

Standard 7.6.6
• Discuss the causes and course of
the religious Crusades and their
effects on Christian, Muslim, and
Jewish populations,
with emphasis on the
increasing contact by
Europeans with the
Muslim world.
Jerusalem today:
Background:
Dome of the
Rock, a sacred
Muslim mosque
Foreground: The
Wailing Wall—
sacred prayer
shrine for Jews
• Jerusalem (in Palestine—today’s
Israel) considered the Holy Land by
Christians but was controlled by
Muslims. STILL THE CASE TODAY.
CRUSADE:
In general
• An intense
effort
• A war that is
religiously
motivated
Historically
•Series of wars and
occupations by
Europeans between
1096 to 1270 to
conquer the Holy
Land—throw out
“infidel” Muslims.
Reasons for Crusades:
•European Christians traveling
to the Holy Land were often
attacked by Muslim robbers.
•Europeans feared they would
no longer be able to visit
Jerusalem.
First Crusade--1096-98
Christian knights
(crusaders) capture
and hold Jerusalem
• Castles built to hold
the city
• Over time Muslims
begin to recapture
outer areas held by
Christian knights
•Second Crusade
1147-48 renewed
battles
•1187—Saladin
(Syrian Muslim)
takes back
Jerusalem
• 1191--Third Crusade
led by Richard the
Lion Heart (King of
England) only
succeeds in reaching
agreement to share
Jerusalem as holy
site for pilgrims
Effects of the
Crusades:
1. 1000’s of
Jews and
Muslims
slaughtered
2. Extreme loss and
damage to property
* hatred and
persecution
of Jews
3. Anti-Semitism *
developed in Europe
4.Increased trade with
other parts of the
world and new ideas
5. The Reconquista
1080-1492
Period in which
the Spanish
took back the
Iberian
Peninsula from
the Muslims.