Download TEACHING WRITINGUSING GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD

TEACHING WRITINGUSING GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD
A STUDY AT FIRST GRADE STUDENT OF SMPN 4 GUNUNGHALU BANDUNG
BARAT
Prandika David W
08220435
E-mail :[email protected]
English Education Study Program Language and Arts Departement
STKIP Siliwangi Bandung
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research entitled ‘’ Teaching Writing Using Grammar Translation method
at the first Grade of SMPN 4 Gununghalu ‘’was to find out whether or not Teaching Writing
Using Grammar Translation method was effective to improve students’ writing comprehension
ability. This research applied posttest only control group design and quantitative method. The
population this research 40 of seventh grade student at SMPN 4 GununghaluBandung Barat and
the sample was entire population which was devided into two group (control and experiment
group). Eachgroup consisted of 20 student. The instrument used in this research was a test. The
data of this research were collective by giving posttest to both group. The collected data was
analysed using t-test formula. The result of data analysed showed that:mean score of posttest in
control group was 5.85 mean score of posttest in experimental group was 6.41. The t-observed
was 0.7380 and the table with df 38 andlevel of significance at 0,05 (5%) was0.56. Based on the
data analysis above, the was accepted because the t-observed was bigger than the table (0.7380
>0.56). It also mean than Teaching Writing Using Grammar Translation methodwas effective to
improve the students’ Writingcomprehension ability.
Keyword: teaching, writing, grammar, translation
A. Background
English still knew as a hard lesson in the seven
grade of SMPN 4 GUNGHALU. Until this year
students in this class only study using minimum
books. Teacher’s creative ability is needed to
teach this class. Some simple media can use for
every days writing. Because if only use some
lessons book the students will not get English
lesson goodly. This condition was not good for
English education.
Story book with a 2 language is friendly and the
nearest thing with the students. This media is a
simple media that
knows every day by students. Almost all
students have it in their house. So this media is
good media for this class.
Story book can helps teacher and students to
have teaching and learning process. However,
teacher will not need repeating in read English
words in front of class. Not only that, the
students also not only hear the English words
from their teacher but also from other speaker
who record his or her voice in the cassette
recorder. The words that written by students will
add their vocabulary
B. THEORITICAL FOUNDATION
It be explain about the effectiveness of language
teaching, definition of teaching, definition
writing, definition teaching Writing,
C. REASEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this part there will be discussed about
research design, research method, research
population and sample, research instrument.
research data collection, research data
analyzing, and research procedure
1. Research Method
The main purpose of the research was to find
out whether with using Grammar Translation
method was effective in teaching writing
comprehension
This research used quantitative method.
Quantitative study is an experiment design has
hypothesis trough the use objective instrument
and statistical analysis
Research Instrument
This instrument that were used for gathering the
data was posttest \. Experimental and control
group was given Teaching Writing Using
Grammar Translation method
2. Research Population
According to Burns (1995:65),“ population is an
entire group of people or object or
NO
1
2
Population Research
Table 3.1
Population Research
CLASS
TOTAL
NAME
STUDENT
7-C
20
7-D
20
40
3. Research Data Collecting
In collecting the data, the writer obtained the
data from the pre-test and the post-test. The
postest gave to experiment group and control
group
4. Research Data Analysis
For analyzing the data, the research used the
formula as follow :
The mean
To calculate the average score of the pretest and
posttest result given the experimental and the
control group using the following formula :
∑
=
X
= refers to the mean of sample
∑X
= refers of the total amount of all
individual observation of x
N
= refers to the total number of
observation
5. Standar Deviation
To calculate the standard deviation of scores of
the two group using the formula :
∑(
)
SD =
SD
= Standar Deviation
X
= the sum of score
Xa
= the mean of sample
N
= the number of observation
Standard Error
To calculate the Standard Error using the
formula :
S ( Xe – Xc) =
+
S ( Xe – Xc) = refers to the standard error of
deferences between the mean
Xe = refers to the mean of the experimental
Xc= refers to the mean of the control group
Se
= refers to the standard deviation the
experimental
Sc
= refers to the standard deviation the
control group
Ne
= refers to the number of the
experimental sample
Nc
= refers to the number of the control
group
3
AHMAD IRFAN
8
AHMAD S MUJI
6
AI LINDA
8
AI LISNAWATI
9
ANGGI GIANA
6
ARI FAUZI
7
DEDE YULIANI
DIKDIK
SAPUTRA
7
GUNAWAN
9
IPIT PATIMAH
7
IRNA SUMARNI
JENAL
MUTAQIN
10
JOKO SUSILO
5
LILIS KARLINA
8
M.DEDE M
M,IDAN
IRAWAN
MISBAHUL
HARON
9
Table 4.1
Posttest Scores of the Experimental
Group
M.RIFALDI
5
NAME
Post-test
Table 4.2
Posttest Score of the Control Group
ABDUL AZIS
AGUNG
RAHMAT
7
4
T – Observed
To calculate t-observed using the formula :
Tabs =
( Hatch and Hossein,
(
)
1982 : 115 )
Tabs = T-observe
Xe
= refers to the mean of experimental
group
Xc
= refers to the mean of control group
S ( Xe-Xc ) = refers to the standard error of
different between the mean
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
D. RESEARCH OF PROCCEDURE
The research was conductive one week period
with three meeting:
The treatment student of the experiment group
and the control class on June 11 th-13 th,2012
The posttest students of the experimental group
on June 14th-16th,2012
The posttest student of the control group on
June 18th,2012
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
No
1
2
7
7
6
7
10
148
No
NAME
Post-test
1
AGUNG AHMAD
N
5
2
3
A posttest was carried out the order to gain
AI FITRI
5
AI FITRIYANI
7
AIDAH
AISYAH
NURHASANAH
ANGGI AHMAD
Z
ANGGI
DATIATUR R
ASEP
GUNAWAN
7
7
̇
= ∑ −
ASTRI TRIYANI
7
=
CUHAYATI
6
DANDI
5
DEDE YUSUP
5
DIKI PERMANA
6
HANIFAH
4
HASIM ARIPIN
IIS
RAHMAWATI
2
the data of the student entire behavior,
4
5
6
7
8
9
especially writing ability on the two group.
8
1. Control Group
8
a. To Calculate the mean
8
10
=
11
5.85
12
b. To Calculated Standard deviation
13
14
∑(
SD =
15
16
– .
=
8
17
18
19
IQBAL FAUJI
4
KARTIKA SARI
DEWI
4
LAILA
PURWATI
5
=
.
= √5.85
20
LITFI
√
= 2.41
6
117
c. To calculate Degree of Freedom
A. Data Analysis of The Posttest
DF = ( N1 = N2 ) – 2
= ( 20 + 20 ) – 2
= 40 – 2
= 38
2. The Experimental Group
d. To Calculate Standard Error
a. To Calculated the Mean = ∑
S=(
=
= 6.41
=
– .
√
=
∑(
=
)=
+
= √2.72 + 2.41
20
20
b. To Calculate Standard deviation
=
−
√7.3984 + 5.8081
20
20
= √0.36992 + 0.2901
= √0.813
= 0.075
e. To Calculate T – Observed
.
=
= √7.45
= 2.72
= 0.7380
=
(
−
−
√6.41 −5.85
0.813
c. To calculate Degree of Freedom
Base
DF = ( N1 = N2 ) – 2
= ( 44 + 44 ) – 2
= 40 – 2
= 38
on
the
Posttest
data
analysis
of
experimental group and control group, the result
was as follow:
Table 4.3
The Posttest Data Analysis of
Experimental and Control
Group
N X S
d
(
− )f
Experim 2 6. 2. 0.73 3 1.67 0.7
ental
0 41 72 80
8 1
38
0
Control
2 5. 2. 0.73 3 1.67 0.7
0 85 41 80
8 1
38
0
Table 4.4
The Improvement of the Mean Score
E
C
Improv
Grou
Group
ement
p
Mean
6.41
5.85
0.56
Posttest
The Conclusions
The T-observed was higher than the T-critical
value ( 2.14> 1.67 ) at the significance level at
0.05 with df of 38. The difference was 0.56 the
result of the research showed that T-observed
was 2.14, the T-critical value at the significance
level at 0.05 with the df was 1.671. based on the
data above, teaching grammar translation was
more effective, it also mean that the alternative
hypothesis was accepted and
the null
hypothesis was rejected.
The Suggestions
It is good for a teaching to motivate students to
read what they want without being worried
about producing errors. The teachers are
expected to be the facilitators and motivators
not to be the decision makers.
It is advisable for a teacher to use grammar
translation in teaching writing.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Hatch and Hossein, (1982 : 115 )To calculate t
observed using the formula
Smith. (1963) Reading is defined as“ active
attempt to understand a writer massage”