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Hazard Communication
29 CFR 1910.1200
What OSHA Wants You To Know
Right To Know / MSDS
What are MSDS?
Where are your MSDS?
Hazard Communication
Standard
• Agenda:
– Chemical Hazards
– Written Hazard Communication Program
– Employee protective measures
• Container Labeling Requirements
• Material Safety Data Sheets
• MSDS inventory
– General Spill Clean-Up
– Personal Protective Equipment
– Contractor Requirements
Close Encounters with
Chemicals
• Many chemicals can cause injury or illness if not handled
properly.
• We encounter chemicals almost every day
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Filling your vehicle with gasoline
Cleaning the bathroom
Applying pesticides or insecticides
Using solvents or acids at work
Chemical Inventory Listing
• Maintain a current list of ALL chemicals or products on
site, including specific uses.
• Make the list available to all employees.
• Make the list available during each work shift.
Hazards of Chemicals
• Physical Hazards:
– Flammable – below 100° F
– Combustible – 100 – 200 F
– Explosive – a chemical that causes a sudden, almost instantaneous
release of pressure, gas, and heat when subjected to sudden shock,
pressure, or high temperature.
– Reactive - reactionary materials can cause damage to the human body
by release of gases that will burn, explode, or produce high pressure
that can inflict injury to a person nearby Health Hazards:
– Sensitizer - produces hyperallergic condition
– Irritant - reversible inflammatory reaction
– Corrosive - irreversible tissue injury
– Toxic – poisonous
Hazards of Chemicals
• Health hazard means that acute or chronic health effects may occur
in exposed employees - including chemicals which are carcinogens,
toxic or highly toxic agents, reproductive toxins, irritants, corrosives,
sensitizers, hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins, neurotoxins, agents which
act on the hematopoietic system, and agents which damage the
lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous membranes.
Written Hazard
Communication Program
• Employers shall develop, implement, and maintain at each
workplace, a written hazard communication program which at
least describes how the criteria specified for labels and other
forms of warning, material safety data sheets, and employee
information and training will be met, and which also includes the
following:
– A list of the hazardous chemicals known to be present
– The methods the employer will use to inform employees of the hazards of
chemicals in their work areas.
Written Hazard
Communication Program
• Also includes methods the employer will use to inform
other employers (contractors) of chemical hazards,
precautionary measures, and the labeling system used
• The employer shall make the written hazard
communication program available, upon request, to
employees, or their designated representatives
Employee Protective
Measures
• Container Labeling
– Who is responsible for labeling secondary containers?
Label Requirements
(continued)
• Label all chemical containers
that are not going to be used
immediately.
• DO NOT USE containers that
resemble beverage containers.
• Have a adequate labeling
supply
Manufacturer’s Labeling
• Primary Containers
– Identity of the hazardous chemical(s)
– Appropriate hazard warnings
• Poison
• Danger
• Warning
• Caution
• First Aid Statement
– Name and address of manufacturer or responsible party
Secondary Labeling
Requirements
• Same information as Primary Labels
– Identity of the hazardous chemical(s)
– Appropriate hazard warnings
• Poison
• Danger
• Warning
• Caution
• First Aid Statement
– Name and address of manufacturer or responsible party
Secondary Labeling
Requirements
• Secondary labels may be hand written if:
– They are legible and the ink doesn’t smear or run
– They contain the required information
• Identity of the hazardous chemical(s)
• Appropriate hazard warnings
– Poison
– Danger
– Warning
– Caution
– First Aid Statement
• Name and address of manufacturer or responsible party
Secondary Labeling
Requirements
• “… not required to label portable containers into which
hazardous chemicals are transferred from labeled containers,
and which are intended only for the immediate use of the
employee who performs the transfer.” 1910.1200(f)(7)
– Handing container to another person – label required
– Breaks & Lunch – out of your direct control – label required
– Mop Buckets – unattended – label required
Hazard Rating System
• Two numbering systems
– NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
– HMIS (Hazardous Material Identification System)
• National Paint and Coatings Association
Product Safety
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Hazard labeling
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National Fire Protection Association system
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Caution/warning/danger/poison
Red = fire hazard
Blue = health hazard
Yellow= reactivity
White= specific hazard
0 through 4
HMIS (Hazardous Material Identification System)
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Red = fire hazard
Blue = health hazard
Yellow= reactivity
White= specific hazard & PPE Requirements
0 through 4
Five Hazards Levels
• HMIS:
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4 Severe
3 Serious
2 Moderate
1 Slight
0 Minimal
• NFPA:
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4 Extreme
3 High
2 Moderate
1 Slight
0 Insignificant
NFPA Diamond
HMIS
MSDS
Each material safety data
sheet shall be in English
(although the employer may
maintain copies in other
languages as well), and
shall contain at least the
following information:
Material Safety Data Sheets
SECTION
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
CONTENTS
Product Identity
Ingredients Identity Information
Physical/Chemical Characteristics
Fire/Explosion Data
Physical Hazard Data
Health Hazards Data
Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
Control Measures – PPE
Additional Information
Section I – Product Identity
• Product Name
• Manufacturer’s Information
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Name
Address
Phone Number – business hours
24-hour Emergency Phone Number
• National Chemical Emergency hotline
Section II - Ingredients/
Identity Information
• Name(s) of Hazardous Chemicals
– Top 5 by weight
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CAS# (Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number)
OSHA PEL – Permissible Exposure Limit
ACGIH – Time Weighted Averages for concentrate.
STEL – Is the exposure concentration that is not to be exceed for a
Short Term Exposure (15 Minutes)
Section III - Physical /
Chemical Characteristics
• Why?
– Physical and chemical changes can affect the type and degree of hazard
• Boiling Point – Temperature a liquid becomes a gas.
• Vapor Pressure –Pressure exerted on the container between the
liquid level and the cap.
• Vapor Density – Is the vapor heavier or lighter than air
• Solubility In Water – How well does the product mix with water
Section III - Physical /
Chemical Characteristics
• Specific Gravity – Is the product heavier or lighter than
water
• Percent Volatile By Volume – How much of the product
will evaporate?
• Evaporation Rate – How fast does it evaporate?
• Appearance and Odor – Changes can indicate product is
not what you thought was in the container.
Section IV - Fire and
Explosion Hazard Data
• Flash Point – The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives
off a vapor in sufficient concentration to ignite.
• Flammable Limits = LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) and UEL
(Upper Explosive Limit)
• Firefighting Information – What Material to use (water, foam,
etc.) to put out a fire involving this chemical; special precautions,
etc.
Section V - Physical Hazards
• Stability – How well the chemical resists change.
• Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid) – Mixing two chemical
may form a toxic or explosive mixture.
• Hazardous Decomposition Products or Byproducts –
When a product breaks down by heat, chemical reaction,
decay etc. to form an new hazardous chemical
Section VI - Health
Hazard Data
• Definition – A chemical substance that is either an
– Acute (immediate) health hazard = Usually minutes, hours or several
days.
or
– Chronic (delayed) health hazard = Regular exposure over months,
years, or a lifetime
Section VI - Health
Hazard Data
• Routes of Entry
– Ingestion:
• Entry may occur by eating, drinking or smoking without washing
hands first
– Absorption:
• Entry my occur through contact with skin, eyes, nose, mouth, etc.
– Inhalation:
• Entry may occur through the inhalation of chemical vapors – not
the fragrance in a product
Section VI - Health
Hazard Data
• Carcinogen or Potential Carcinogen must be listed if greater than
0.1% by weight.
• Signs and Symptoms of Exposure – How to recognize exposure
(taste, irritations, headache, nausea, etc.)
• Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated By Exposure – Conditions
that could be made worse by exposure
• Emergency and First-Aid Procedures – What to do in case of
exposure.
Section VII – Precautions
for Safe Handling and Use
• Steps to be taken in case material is released or spilled
• Precautions to be taken in handling and storage
Section VIII –
Control Measures
• How to keep yourself safe
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Respiratory Protection (Specify Type)
Ventilation
Local Exhaust
Protective Gloves
Eye Protection
Other Protective Clothing or Equipment
Work / Hygienic Practices
Section IX –
Additional Information
• Transportation Information for example
– Signage requirements, etc.
MSDS Inventory
• The first page in the MSDS book should be a list of the
MSDS that should be in the book
– Consistently in the top 5 violations issued by OSHA
General Precautions For
Spill Clean-Up
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Wear appropriate protective equipment
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Follow Ventilation Requirements
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Read MSDS
For large spills, contact supervisor
Store acidic products away from alkaline products to prevent reactions in
case of leaks or spills
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Read MSDS
Clean up small spills to prevent them from being mistaken for water
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Read MSDS
Read MSDS
When diluting, always add acids to water, never water to acids
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Read MSDS
Personal Protective
Equipment
• The objective for wearing personal protective equipment is to prevent
dangerous chemical contact with your person or street clothes
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Dust masks and respirators
Glasses, goggles, and face shields
Gloves
Foot protection (Rubber boots)
Aprons or full-body suits
• 99% of the chemicals involved in housekeeping, especially once
diluted, pose minimal risks as long as precautions are followed
– Read MSDS
Contractor Safety
Requirements
• Outside Contractors must:
– Inform representatives about chemicals
– Provide MSDS’s upon request
• Facility or employer representatives must:
– Inform the contractor about chemicals
– Provide MSDS’s upon request
Employee Information
and Training
• Employers shall provide employees with effective information
and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area
– At the time of their initial assignment,
– Whenever a new physical or health hazard is introduced into their work
area.
• May cover categories of hazards
– Flammability, carcinogenicity, etc.
• Specific chemicals
– Chemical-specific information must always be available through labels and
material safety data sheets.
Employee Training
• Employee training shall include at least:
– Methods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or
release of a hazardous chemical in the work area
• such as monitoring conducted by the employer
• continuous monitoring devices
• visual appearance or odor of hazardous chemicals when being
released, etc.
– The physical and health hazards of the chemicals in the work area
Employee Training
• Employee training shall include at least:
– The measures employees can take to protect themselves from these
hazards
• including specific procedures the employer has implemented to
protect employees from exposure to hazardous chemicals
– appropriate work practices
– emergency procedures
– personal protective equipment to be used
Employee Training
• Employee training shall include at least:
– The details of the hazard communication program developed by the
employer, including an explanation of
• the labeling system
• the material safety data sheet
• how employees can obtain and use the appropriate hazard
information
Hazard Communication
Summary
• Identify chemical hazards
– Read labels and MSDS
• Follow warnings and instructions, or
ask your supervisor if in doubt
– Read labels and MSDS
• Use the appropriate PPE
– Read labels and MSDS
• Practice sensible, safe work habits
– Read labels and MSDS
• Learn emergency procedures
– Read labels and MSDS
Hazard Communication
Are there any Questions?
Quiz
1.
The Hazard Communication Standard Addresses:
1.
2.
2.
Communicating information concerning
and
appropriate
to employees.
Maintaining a
Hazard Communication Program for
the workplace
(T/F) The Employer must provide MSDS in a language understood
by the employee.
Quiz
3. Employee training shall include at least:
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(T/F) Appropriate work practices
(T/F) Emergency phone numbers
(T/F) Personal protective equipment to be used
4. MSDS – It is the
’s responsibility to provide
them; it is the __________’s responsibility to maintain them; and
it is the
’s responsibility to read them.
Quiz
5. Routes of entry include
,
, and
.
6. (T/F) Changes in a product’s color is not really important.
7. (T/F) Training should occur when a contractor is going to be doing
work on-site with a paint remover.
8. Secondary labels must contain the manufacturer’s name and
address, the
name, and the
warning.
Quiz
12. (T/F) Secondary labels are always required.
13. (T/F) MSDS must be kept at every worksite.
14. (T/F) Mop buckets need secondary labels under
certain circumstances.
15. Employee training shall occur at the time of their
or whenever a
is introduced
Answers
1.
The Hazard Communication Standard Addresses:
1.
2.
2.
Communicating information concerning hazards and appropriate protective
measures to employees.
Maintaining a written Hazard Communication Program for the workplace
(F) The Employer must provide MSDS in a language understood
by the employee.
Answers
3.
Employee training shall include at least:
4.
5.
6.
4.
(T) Appropriate work practices
(F) Emergency phone numbers
(T) Personal protective equipment to be used
MSDS – It is the manufacturer’s responsibility to provide them; it is
the employer’s responsibility to maintain them; and it is the
employee’s responsibility to read them.
Answers
8. Routes of entry include inhalation , skin or eye contact , and
ingestion .
9. (F) Changes in a product’s color is not really important.
10. (T) Training should occur when a contractor is going to be doing
work on-site with a paint remover.
11. Secondary labels must contain the manufacturer’s name and
address, the chemical or product name, and the hazard warning.
Answers
12. (F) Secondary labels are always required.
13. (T) MSDS must be kept at every worksite.
14. (T) Mop buckets need secondary labels under certain
circumstances.
15. Employee training shall occur at the time of their initial assignment
or whenever a new hazard is introduced
Hazard Communications
Thank You
For Your Participation