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Transcript
Translation Key Events: 1. mRNA enters cytoplasm and attaches to ribosome A site P site E site - aminoacyl site - peptidyl site - exit site 2. ribosome holds mRNA and tRNA together for accurate reading and assembly of proteins 3. tRNA molecules in cytoplasm link up with specific amino acid specified by their sequence -- each tRNA molecule has an anticodon sequence, complementary to the mRNA transcript -- tRNA joins to amino acid via enzyme aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (20 different enzymes!) and ATP is required 4. tRNA comes in and attaches to start site on mRNA strand (AUG = start codon) (binding site called "P site" or peptidyl site) 5. a second tRNA comes in and attaches to second codon (This is the "A site" or aminoacyl site.) -- the two adjacent amino acids are bonded together by peptidyl transferase enzyme 6. tRNA is released from P site and the ribosome moves down one codon. 7. Polypeptide chain synthesized by adding amino acids to the carboxyl end of the last amino acid in the peptide chain 8. Ribosome continues to move down mRNA in 5' to 3' direction 9. release factors recognize UAG, UAA, or UGA (STOP CODONS) and cause the polypeptides to be released from the tRNA and ribosome 10. polypeptide folds into its tertiary structure 11. ribosome detaches from mRNA and is free to translate another mRNA strand Summary Diagram Main Nucleic Acids Involved in Transcription