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Ancient Rome Timeline: Part 2
R-3
202: ROME’S only way to get Hannibal out of Italy is to invade North Africa, Carthage, his country.
Hannibal recalled to Carthage due to ROMAN invasion of North Africa. HANNIBAL is defeated at
ZAMA by Gen. Scipio Aficanus.
197: ROME defeats Phillip V of Macedon and conquers Greece
191: ROME defeats Antiochus III. ROME becomes #1 in Europe and Mediterranean/
157: Gauis Marius is born. He reforms and changes ROMAN Military.
149- 146: Third Punic War, CARTHAGE is destroyed:
133 -131: Rome conquers the Mediterranean territories.
133: Rome conquers Spain and Pergamum. MEDITERAINIAN = 250 years
Land reforms of Tiberius Gracchus.(rules an empire). He is killed be rich landowners{R}
123: His Brother Gauis Gracchus is elected tribune, also killed by rich land owners
107: Gen. Marius [P] first elected consul – populares- supported by poor Plebeians
88: Sulla patrician- becomes consul, reforms army, then marches on Rome to kill Maruis’ men.
86: Marius [Popular] dies after being exiled by Sulla.
82-80: Sulla rules Rome as dictator by declaring an emergency.
78: Sulla dies.*Roman Civil Wars begin and last 75 years*
70: Pompey[P], Maximus[P] and Crassus [P] elected joint consuls.
Political Parties
$ = Patrician – Rich
P = Plebian – Poor
(Populares)
60: Pompey, Crassus and Julius Caesar form 1rst Triumvirate Alliance
59: Caesar becomes consul by paying bribes to Senate and supporters
55: Caesar goes on extensive Military campaign to Gaul and invades Britain.
53: Crassus dies in battle
52: Pompey becomes consul after Crassus dies, Pompey’s Army vs. Caesar’s Army
48: Pompey defeated by Caesar at Battles in Spain:49 and 45 B.C Greece:48 B.C and Africa in 46 BC
meets Cleopatra VII - she has his son
45: Caesar defeats all enemies becoming sole ruler of ROME
44: March 15 – Julius Caesar is assassinated by Brutus and Cassuis, leaders of the Senate 43.
Octavian[P],Marc Anthony, and Lepidus form 2nd Triumvirate and seize power in Rome
42: Octavian, Caesar’s nephew kills Brutus and Cassius in revenge at Philippi.
33: Marc Anthony marries Cleopatra in Egypt and creates hostility with Octavian
31: Anthony and Cleopatra are defeated at naval battle of Actium
30: Anthony and Cleopatra commit suicide; Octavian becomes the sole ruler of Rome
27: Octavian becomes emperor, takes the name Augustus.