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KINGDOMS EUBACTERIA AND ARCHEABACTERIA Pages 460-466 Three Domains Kingdom Eubacteria ◦True bacteria ◦Unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus) ◦Heterotrophic or autotrophic (chemosynthesis and photosynthesis) ◦Have a cell wall KINGDOM EUBACTERIA Harmful vs. Helpful Bacteria Harmful Bacteria Helpful Bacteria Cause diseases such as: staph infection, strep throat, cholera, tetanus, tuberculosis, and bubonic plague Help animals digest food Cause tooth decay and gum disease Break down dead things Can destroy roads and pipelines Make oxygen (cyanobacteria) Spoils food Create food: yogurt, cheese, sour cream, pickles, soy sauce and sourdough bread. Bacterial Reproduction ◦Reproduce asexually through binary fission ◦ One cell splits to become two cells ◦Sometimes one bacterial cell will exchange DNA with another through conjugation Kingdom Archaebacteria ◦ Unicellular, Prokaryotic ◦ Archaebacteria = ancient bacteria ◦ Autotrophic (chemosynthesis) or heterotrophic ◦ Many are extremophiles = lovers of extreme conditions ◦ Most have cell walls ◦ Archaebacteria are more similar to eukarya than eubacteria Kingdom Archeabacteria Types of Archaebacteria Type of Archaebacteria Characteristics Methanogens Where they can be found Anaerobic environments Convert H2 and CO2 (deep fresh water, marine into CH4 mud, swamp mud, sewage) Great Salt Lake and Dead Sea Halophiles Salt loving Thermoacidophiles thrive in hot acidic Hydrothermal vents, volcanic places (230 F and pH vents > 2) What about viruses? ◦ Not considered to be alive, need a host ◦ Can’t maintain homeostasis ◦ Can’t carry out metabolism by themselves ◦ Can’t reproduce by themselves ◦ Made of a protein coat and genetic material
