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Transcript
Parts of a Cell - Looking Inside Cells Plant and Animal Cells Cell Wall • Plants only • Outer layer, rigid, strong, stiff; made of cellulose • Support, protection, allow movement of materials in and out Cell membrane • Both plants and animal cell • Plant- inside of cell wall – Animals- outer layer; made of cholesterol – Selectively permeable • Support and protection – Controls movement of materials in an out of cell – Barrier between cell and its environment – Maintain homeostasis nucleus • Both • Large, oval • Controls cell activities - Looking Inside Cells Nucleus •The nucleus is the cell’s control center, directing all of the cell’s activities. NUCLEUOLUS • BOTH • INSIDE OF NUCLEUS • HOLDS GENETIC INFO Nuclear membrane • Both • Surrounds nucleus; selectively permeable • Controls movement of materials in/out of nucleus cytoplasm • Both • Clear, thick, jellylike material and organelles found inside cell membrane • Support and protection of cell’s organelles Endoplasmic reticulum • Both • Network of tubes or membranes • Carries materials through cell - Looking Inside Cells Endoplasmic Reticulum •The endoplasmic reticulum is similar to the system of hallways in a building. Proteins and other materials move throughout the cell by way of the endoplasmic reticulum. The spots on this organelle are ribosomes, which produce proteins. ribosomes • Both • Small bodies free or attached to E.R. • Produces proteins mitochondrion • Both • Bean shaped with inner membranes • Breakes down sugar molecules into energy - Looking Inside Cells Mitochondrion •Mitochondria are known as the “powerhouses” of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. vacuole • Plants have large but only a few – Animals have really small • Fluid filled sacs • Store food, water, waste – Plants need it big to store large amounts of food lysosome • Plants rarely – animals common • small, round, with a membrane • Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules digests old cell parts chloroplast • Plants only • Green, oval usually containing chlorophyll • Uses energy from sun to make food for the plant - Looking Inside Cells Golgi Body •The Golgi bodies receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell.