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World War II PHASES OF THE WAR Objectives Today we will be able to identify critical moments of World War II, and identify characteristics “Operation Overlord” and the “Battle of the Bulge”. 1939- 40 Germany invades Poland. (9/1/1939). England and France declare war on Germany. Germany invades Norway and Denmark. (April, 1940). Germany invades the low countries (Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) and France. (May, 1940). Italy joins the war (June, 1940). Germany wages the Battle of Britain. (July – October, 1940) Germany on the Offensive (1941) Germany invades and secures Yugoslavia and Greece. (April, 1941) Germany invades the Soviet Union violating the German-Soviet Pact. (June, 1941). Germany occupies the Baltic states. Japan invades Pearl Harbor. (December 7, 1941). U.S. declares war on Japan, Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S. (December, 1941). 1942-1943 British Royal Air Force begin bombarding Germany. (May, 1942-1945). Allied forces fight with Axis forces in North Africa and force the surrender of Axis forces there. (19421943) Germans invade USSR again and fight to get Stalingrad unsuccessfully. (Summer, 1942). Allied troops invade Sicily and the Italian mainland and secure the southern half of the peninsula. (July, 1943) 1944 Allied forces begin Operation Overlord and ultimately secure the French mainland by the end of August. (D-Day, June 6, 1944) Allied forces enter Germany from the east and west. (August – September, 1944) German counter offensive unsuccessful (Battle of the Bulge, December, 1944). 1945 The Soviets liberate western Poland. (January, 1945) The Allies bomb Dresden, killing 35,000 civilians. (February, 1945) Americans cross the Rhine River. (March, 1945) Soviets encircle Berlin. (April, 1945). Hitler commits suicide on April 30, 1945. Germany surrenders on May 9, 1945. “Operation Overlord” Purpose/Objective. From Britain, Allied forces will cross the English Channel and conduct an Airborne drop behind enemy lines and an amphibious landing at the beaches of Normandy, France. How can weather impact an operation that is reliant on air, sea, and ground mobility? ‘Overlord’ The Effect of Weather Eisenhower’s message to the troops. Airborne Operations. https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=zCrw_uMWlgI Amphibious Landing https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=82RTzi5Vt7w “Battle of the Bulge” The last German counteroffensive of the war in the west. The German’s created a “bulge” in the line at Belgium. A brutal battle in the dead of winter at Bastogne. https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=hBeXRvdlm yY