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Transcript
Judaism: Basic Teachings Main beliefs ● There is only one God ● God made the world and created Man in his own image ● The Jews are God’s chosen people ● Canaan (Palestine) is the Promised Land that God pledged to the Jews through Abraham in return for adherence to His laws, which were delivered through Moses ● One day a Messiah will come to rebuild the Temple, gather all Jews back to the land of Israel, and bring peace to the world ● All people are equal and should be treated with respect and love Main laws ● All meat must be kosher (prepared in a particular way and drained of blood) ● Forbidden foods: meat taken from animals that do not have cloven hooves and chew the cud, fish that do not have scales and fins, and particular birds ● Meat and milk should not be used together ● No work or reading of the Torah should be done on the Shabbat (Sabbath, from Friday evening to Saturday evening) Jewish symbols Star of David (six-pointed star) ● Menorah (seven-branched candlestick) ● Sacred texts ● The Hebrew Bible, particularly the Torah, or Pentateuch (the first five books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy) ● The Talmud – explanations or amplification and oral teachings of the Torah – made up of the Mishna and the Gemara) Permitted foods Festivals and holy days Purim (Feast of Lots) – late February, early March ● Pesach (Passover) – March/April ● Yom Ha-Shoah (Holocaust Day) – April ● Shavuot (Pentecost) – 50 days after Pesach ● Rosh Hashanah (New Year) – September ● Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement) – late September/ early October ● Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles) – two days after Yom Kippur, late September/early October ● Shemini Atzeret (Eighth Day of the Solemn Assembly) – eighth day of Sukkot, October ● Hanukkah (Feast of Dedication/Festival of Lights) – December/early January ● Jewish denominations ● Ashkenazi (European) ● Sephardi (Oriental) ● Orthodox ● Kabbalist or Cabbalist ● Hasidic or Hassidic (Chasidic), Ultra-Orthodox ● Non-Orthodox ● Reform ● Conservative ● Liberal ● Reconstructionist ● Political Zionist Worship and teaching ● The rabbi is the leader and teacher in a Jewish community ● The family is the center of Jewish life, and the synagogue is the place of public worship ● Prayer takes place at the synagogue in the morning, afternoon, and evening Prohibited foods