Download Cellular Reproduction Vocabulary

Cellular Reproduction Vocabulary
1. DNA—deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic information passed from parent to offspring
2. chromatin—loose DNA strands (uncoiled)
3. chromosome—the whole X; made of DNA and histone proteins
4. gene—section of a chromosome; each gene codes for a specific protein
5. sister chromatid—half of a chromosome; each is identical to the other in genes contained
6. centromere—the point at which the chromatids are attached
7. mitosis—division of the nucleus followed by division of the cytoplasm (in body cells)
8. binary fission—asexual method similar to mitosis; occurs in bacteria
9. budding—a growth falls off and becomes a new individual
10. spores—tiny cell/cell group capable of producing offspring by itself
11. vegetative propagation—plants reproducing from a part of the parent plant
12. regeneration—regrowth of a lost or injured part of the body
13. meiosis--process that allows organisms to make sex cells for use in sexual reproduction
14. gamete—sex cell
15. egg—female gamete
16. sperm—male gamete
17. zygote—fertilized egg; 1st body cell of the baby
18. autosome—body chromosomes (NOT sex chromosomes)
19. sex chromosomes—chromosomes that determine the gender of the individual
20. homologous chromosomes—pair of chromosomes that look alike
21. diploid—2 sets of chromosomes (Body cells are diploid.)
22. haploid—1 set of chromosomes (Sex cells are haploid.)
23. asexual—reproduction that involves only one parent
24. sexual—reproduction that involves two sex cells combining
25-27 are on the back!
25. pollination—pollen being transferred from the anther to the stigma
26. fertilization—when egg and sperm combine to make the first cell of a baby
27. conjugation—“sexual” method of reproduction in bacteria in which DNA is swapped