Download A dependent clause

Clauses
An independent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and
verb and expresses a complete thought. It is a complete sentence.
A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and
verb but does not express a complete thought. It is depending on an
independent clause. A dependent clause by itself is a sentence
fragment.
Types of dependent clauses
Adjective Clauses: An adjective clause modifies a noun or pronoun.
It tells what kind, which one, how many, or how much.
Adjective clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns: who,
whom, whose, that, which
Example: Student volunteers read stories to the children who were in
the daycare center. ( The adjective clause modifies the noun,
children.)
Adverb Clauses: An adverb clause modifies a verb, and adjective, or
an adverb. It might tell where, when, how, why, to what extent, or
under what conditions.
Adverb clauses are introduced by subordinating conjunctions such as
if, because, even though, than, so that, while, where, when, as if,
and since.
Examples: They were happy because they were going to the zoo. (The
adverb clause modifies the adjective happy.)
The zoo closed earlier than they expected. ( The adverb clause
modifies the adverb earlier.)
When the field trip ended, the volunteers took the children back to
the daycare center.
The volunteers took the children back to the daycare center when the
field trip ended.
*****An adverb clause should be followed by a comma when it comes
before an independent clause. When an adverb clause comes after an
independent clause, a comma may or may not be needed before it.
Noun Clauses are used as a noun. They can serve as a subject, a direct
object, an indirect object, an object of a preposition, or a predicate
noun.
Words that introduce noun clauses: that, how, when, where, whether,
why, what, whatever, who, whom, whoever, whomever, which, whichever.
***If you can substitute the word something or someone for a
clause in a sentence, it is a noun clause.
Examples: Volunteers know that physically challenged people do not
want special treatment. (Volunteers know something.)
Christopher will tell whoever is volunteering the locations of the
elevators. (Christopher will tell someone.)