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Transcript
Circular motion
Angular Velocity
V = 2πr/T
V = 2πfr
ω = 2πf
V = rω
So what direction is the force
Centripetal force
A rider in a “barrel of fun” finds
herself stuck with her back to the
wall. Which diagram correctly
shows the real forces acting on her?
A particle is moving in a circular path.
If the force on the particle would suddenly
vanish (string cut) in which direction would
the ball fly off?
Angus rotates a stone that is attached to the
end of a cord at constant speed
(counterclockwise).
a.
Which way is the stone accelerating?
b.
In which direction is the net force on the
stone?
c.
In which direction is the ball traveling
when it is right in front of him?
d.
If he lets the stone go in c, in which
direction would it fly off?
e.
What effect does the string’s tug have on
the stone?
The force depends upon;
•Mass
•Radius
•velocity
Centripetal force
F=m
r
a=
2
v
2
v
r
Note that the centripetal force
is proportional to the square
of the velocity, implying that a
doubling of speed will require
four times the centripetal
force to keep the motion in a
circle.
If the centripetal force must
be provided by friction alone
on a curve, an increase in
speed could lead to an
unexpected skid if friction is
insufficient.
Also, F =
2
mr
Jeff Gordon leads his race and must drive into a curve at top
speed to win it all.
a. What limits the speed at which he can negotiate the curve?
b. If he goes into a curve of 200 m radius with a speed of 100
m/s, what centripetal acceleration does he experience?
What is the acceleration of your room?
This is not an idle puzzle. Copernicus argued the earth orbits the sun.
On the other side Aristotle, Ptolemy and many others believed that
the sun must go around the earth, because they did not feel the
motion of the earth. Who is correct?
We do not feel constant velocity (try closing your eyes on a smooth
train or plane ride), but we do feel accelerations, both by the forces
on us that cause accelerations and by the forces acting in the middle
ear when the head accelerates.
So, what is your acceleration due to the rotation and orbital motion of
the Earth?
You will need to know some values: the period of the Earth's rotation
is (slightly less than) 24 hours. The actual value depends on your
latitude, but your distance from the Earth's axis is not greater than
six thousand kilometres. So What is the acceleration due to the
Earth's rotation about its axis?
To get an idea whether you would feel this, you could express your
answer as a fraction of g. You should do a similar calculation for the
acceleration due to the Earth's orbit, which has a radius of
1.5 x 1011 m.
London eye
A big wheel
Slow
Zodiac
Fast