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Assignment No. 1
Operating System
The Operating system is a most important program
that runs on a computer and performs basic tasks,
such as recognizing input from the keyboard,
sending output to the display screen, keeping track
of files and directories on the disk, and
controlling peripheral devices such as disk
drives and printers.
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Different types of operating system
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Mac OS
UNIX OS
Windows OS
Linux
Android
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Mac Operating System
The Macintosh (often called "the Mac") was introduced in 1984 by Apple Computer,
was the first personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI).
The primary disadvantage of the Mac is that there are fewer Mac applications on the
market than for Windows.
The Macintosh has its own operating system, Mac OS.
OS X is the operating system that makes it possible to do all the things you do on a
Mac.
Mac OS X is a development platform that supports multiple development
technologies including UNIX, Java.
Apple introduced Time Machine backup software with Mac OS X 10.5 in 2007.
Mac OS X 10 is the latest Apple operating system, with version 10.10.
Advantages-
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Macs in use make it less likely to encounter a virus or malware designed for
the platform and provides security.
It has a much more stable environment than Windows.
iPods, iPads and other Apple based devices offer compatibility.
Disadvantages-
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Upgrades cannot be mixed and matched like Windows.
A Mac OS system is often twice as much as a Windows based system.
Very few games are available for the Mac OS, making Windows the operating
system of choice for serious gamers.
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UNIX Operating System
It is pronounced as “yoo-niks”, is a popular multi-user, multi-tasking system,
developed in 1970s at Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie.
UNIX is primarily command line operating system with additional applications such
as X-Window to give a graphic oriented operating system similar to Windows.
Due to its portability, flexibility, and power, UNIX has become a leading operating
system for workstation products from Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, IBM.
The UNIX versions that are widely used are Sun's Solaris, Digital's UNIX, HP's HPUX, IBM's AIX and SCO's UnixWare.
Advantages-
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UNIX is designed to maximize performance through economical memory use.
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UNIX enforces high security levels by requiring that all users authenticate to
the system via a username and password.
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The UNIX operating system offers an efficient level of virtual memory.
Disadvantages-
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The traditional interface for the UNIX operating system is command line
based.
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Many commands in the UNIX interface require the use of special characters.
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Windows Operating System
It is abbreviated as Win10 or WinX, Microsoft Windows 10 is the latest version of
Microsoft Windows that is an upgrade to Windows 8.1 (skipping Windows 9) and was
released on July 29, 2015.
Windows is a personal computer operating system from Microsoft that, together with
some commonly used business applications such as Microsoft Word and Excel.
Windows contains built-in networking, which allows users to share files and
applications with each other if their PCs are connected to a network.
Windows is supported by Microsoft.
Advantages-
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Users are familiar with earlier versions of Windows , so Windows are easy to
use.
There is a huge selection of software available for Windows .
Windows have an edge over the competition in the area of Plug & Play
support for PC hardware.
Disadvantages-
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High resource requirements.
Compared to other operating systems, Microsoft security is weak.
Virus susceptibility.
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Linux Operating System
Linux, is a freely available multitasking and multiuser operating system,
is a UNIX derivative available in both "free software" and commercial versions.
Linux is a free and open-source operating system developed on August 25, 1991.
Advantages-
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Linux is an open source platforms with plenty of developers working on
applications and functions.
Linux system is very stable, it rarely crashes.
It is vulnerable to computer malware.
Disadvantages-
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Many windows program will not run in Linux.
There is a smaller selection of Peripheral Hardware Devices for Linux.
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Android
Android was originally founded by Andy Rubin in October 2003 and later acquired
by Google on August 17, 2005. Android is a Linux based platform and free and open
software stack that has an operating system and applications originally developed by
Google and released on November 5, 2007 for mobile platforms.
The T-Mobile's G1 phone is the first phone to be released to the public with Google
Android on September 23, 2008.
ANDROID VERSIONS
Android version 1.0
Android version 1.5 (Cupcake)
Android version 1.6 (Donut)
Android version 2.0 (Eclair)
Android version 2.1
Android version 2.2 (Froyo)
Android version 2.3 (Gingerbread)
Android version 3.0 (Honeycomb)
Android version 3.1
Android version 3.2
Android version 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich)
Android version 4.1 (Jelly Bean)
Android version 4.2
Android version 4.3
Android version 4.4 (KitKat)
Android version 5.0 (Lollipop)
Advantages
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Android is an open source operating system with a Linux-based.
Android phones can run many applications, i.e. Multi-tasking.
One can download many applications for free with Google's Play.
Disadvantages
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Android requires an active internet connection.
Android more wastes more battery than any other operating system.
Applications that contain virus, are also present in the Android Market.
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LINUX is the best OS for a computer engineer
because:
1. Linux is an open source platforms with plenty of developers
working on applications and functions.
2. Linux is almost always a free operating system with multiple
sources distribution. In contrast, Windows and Mac OS X are
some of the most expensive operating systems.
3. Linux is less likely to suffer from viruses, compared to Windows
where we have to deal with viruses.
4. Security.
5. It’s versatility, i.e. we can customise according to our needs.
6. It’s faster to boot up and run than any of the other operating
systems available.
Vaibhav Budhiraja
D2 cse E3
1410945