Download To what extent is the WWII a total war

Country
USSR
Total Deaths
% of Pre-war Population
Military Deaths
20,600,000
10.4%
13,600,000
6,850,000
9.5%
3,250,000
France
810,000
1.9%
340,000
United States
500,000
0.4%
500,000
Great Britain
388,000
0.8%
326,000
Germany
What could explain the high civilian death rate?
75 m – 200 m.
Munitions Production in World War II(Expenditures in billions of dollars, US 1944 munitions
prices)
Year
Country/
Alliance
1935-9
ave
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
Total
1939–44
U.S.A.
0.3
1.5
4.5
20.0
38.0
42.0
106.3
Britain
0.5
3.5
6.5
9.0
11.0
11.0
41.5
U.S.S.R
1.6
5.0
8.5
11.5
14.0
16.0
56.6
Allies Total
2.4
10.0
20.0
41.5
64.5
70.5
204.4
Germany
2.4
6.0
6.0
8.5
13.5
17.0
53.4
Japan
0.4
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.5
6.0
16.9
Axis Total 2.8
7.0
8.0
11.5
18.0
23.0
70.3
Real Value Consumer Spending
Country
Year
1937
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
Japan
100
107
109
111
108
99
93
78
Germa
ny
100
108
117
108
105
95
94
85
USA
100
96
103
108
116
115
118
122
A
nation’s economic, human, political,
and scientific resources are all dedicated
to the war effort.
 Total war requires the mobilization not
only of armed forces but also of whole
populations.
 The most crucial determinant of total war
is the widespread, indiscriminate, and
deliberate inclusion of civilians as
legitimate military targets.
Food was only
reserved for the
military and so
the civilians
were starved to
death. Other
supplies were
also almost
absent.
 Cloth allotted
for civilians
were only a
regular towel
sized.

Japanese Rice Supply
Year
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
Domestic
production
9,928
9,862
10,324 9,107
8,245
9,999
9,422
8,784
6,445
Imports
2,173
2,546
1,634
2,517
2,581
1,183
874
268
All rice
12,101 12,408 11,958 10,967 10,762 12,580 10,605 9,658
1,860
6,713
 Suffered
most loss of life and destruction
 Over a million citizens died at Leningrad
due to food shortages
 Confiscated citizens’ radios bc Stalin
didn’t trust citizens’ loyalty
 Emphasized Russian patriotism—WW2
was the Great Patriotic War—people
fought for “Mother Russia,” not
Communism
 Non-military
personnel
were sent out
of the cities
and urban
centers
 Historic
buildings were
ravaged for
metal to feed
blast furnaces
Children were
“recruited” into Hitler
Youth and other youth
leagues
 Education for children
was biased towards
Germany, depicting
Hitler as god-like
 Women were forced
into the labor forc,
and eventually were
drafted into the war
after shortage of men

 USA
became the
“great arsenal of
democracy”
 Women worked in
factories & served in
all branches of the
military