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CALORIC RESTRICTION INFLUENCES LIFESPAN OF DROSOPHILA
MELANOGASTER INDIVIDUALS WHOSE GENES CONTROLLING
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS ARE OVEREXPRESSED IN PERIPHERAL TISSUES
1
E. Dobrovolskaya1, E. Plysnina1,2, I. Solovev2, A. Moskaliev1,2,3
Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of RAS, Syktyvkar
2
Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar
3
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)
Russia
The aging process is associated with various genes' expression level changes. Genes
forming a system of "biological clock" of the body are not an exception, it evidenced by
the worsening with age violations in rhythms of physiological activity and aperiodizm
of sleep and wakefulness cycles phenomenon in old specimens. The molecular clock
found in each cell of the peripheral tissues of multicellular organisms, are present and
all unicellular, including prokaryotes (Shnol, 1996). The main environmental factor
connected to the rhythms of biological processes is light, with daily and annual
variations in the light intensity are associated such phenomena as sleep, physical
activity, rest, growth, reproduction, sexual behavior, moult and migration. Most human
genes of circadian rhythms are evolutionarily conserved and have orthologs in the fruit
fly Drosophila melanogaster. It is found that adults of D. melanogaster show the
decrease in gene expression of photosensitive protein Cryptochrome, while its
overexpression in old specimens slows down the rate of aging (Rakshit, Jadwiga, 2013).
On the other hand, fruit flies with mutations in the genes of circadian rhythms are
characterized by a reduced life expectancy (Kondratov, Antoch, 2007). One of the cyc
gene ortholog profed roles is way dTOR inhibition, resulting in metabolism supression,
which prevents uncontrolled flow of resources and prolonging life of an organism
(Giebultovicz et al., 2010). The purpose of this study was to investigate wheather
caloric restriction affected the life span of Drosophila melanogaster which genes of
circadian rhythms (Period, Timeless, Doubletime, Clock, Cycle, Cryptochrome) had
been overexpressed. We chose UAS / GAL4 system to еnsure conditioned
(mifepristone-inducible) gene overexpression in flies' muscules. Next, Drosophila lines
were placed on standard media with different caloric values life expectancy had been
being observed once a day. The results of this study demonstrate the relationship of
circadian rhythms' gene regulation mechanisms and aging components such as insulinlike and TOR signaling pathways. This work was supported by a grant from the
President of the Russian Federation № MD-1090.2014.4 "Comparison of response
mechanisms Drosophila melanogaster to oxidative, heat, cold, and genotoxic stresses
using genome-wide transcriptome analysis."