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NAME:_______________________________________Period:______Date:___
Review Guide
1. Bacteria and fungi are known as __________ because they break down the remains of organisms.
2.The energy role of a grizzly bear is that of a(n) __________ because it cannot make its own food.
3.A diagram called a(n) ________shows how much energy is available at each level of a food web.
4.The least amount of energy is available at the __________________ level of an energy pyramid.
5The energy role of the first organism in a food chain is always a(n) ____________________.
6.An organism that eats only plants is a ____________________ consumer.
7.Water vapor turns into droplets of liquid water in the process of ____________________.
8.Water from a lake changes to the gas state in the process of ____________________.
9.Certain bacteria change nitrogen gas into a usable form in a process called ___________.
10.Producers use carbon from the gas ____________________ to make sugars and starches.
11.Mountains and deserts that are difficult for organisms to cross are _______ barriers to dispersal.
12.The ______________ biome receives less than 25 centimeters of rain a year and may have large
temperature shifts every day.
13.The soil that is frozen all year in the tundra is called ____________________.
14.The neritic zone over the continental shelf is part of the ____________________ biome.
15.____________________ species such as lichens are the first to grow in an area with no soil.
16.The type of succession that occurs in an area where an ecosystem previously existed is called
________succession.
17.Consumers that eat both plants and animals are called
18.Which of the following is considered a nonrenewable resource? sunlight or coal
19.Which of the following is considered a renewable resource? iron or sunlight
20.A change to the environment that has a negative effect on living things is called
21.The study of the natural processes that occur in the environment and how humans can affect them is called
22.During the last 3,000 years, the human population has
23.Which of the following would be a cost of drilling for oil in Antarctica?
24.Cutting down only some trees in a forest, leaving a mix of tree sizes and species standing, is called
25.The number of trees that can be harvested from a forest without reducing the future supply is called a
26.If fish are caught faster than they can breed, the population will
27.The number of different species in an area is referred to as its
28.The most diverse ecosystems on Earth are
29A species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem is called a(n)
30In the last few centuries, the number of species becoming extinct on Earth has
31.If all members of a species disappear from Earth, the species is said to be
32.The loss of a natural habitat is called
33.The exhaust fumes from automobiles are an example of
34.The mating of California condors in zoos is an example of
35. Laws can help protect endangered species by prohibiting
36Yellowstone National Park, the world's first national park, is an example of
37.Why are coral reefs such diverse ecosystems?
38.What is true about species that lack a diverse gene pool?
39.The illegal killing or removal of wildlife species is called
40.The nonliving parts of an ecosystem are called
41.The place where an organism lives and that provides the things the organism needs is called its
42.To carry out photosynthesis, algae and plants use the abiotic factors sunlight, carbon dioxide, and
43.All the different populations that live together in an area make up a(n)
44.The smallest unit of ecological organization is a single
45.The study of how things interact with each other and with their environment is called
46.Which of the following is an example of a population?
a. the cats and dogs in your neighborhood
d. the gray wolves in a forest
47Population density is defined as
48If you count 20 beetles in a garden measuring 5 square meters, the population density of the beetles is
49Counting the number of organisms in a small area and multiplying to estimate the number in a larger area is
called
50.The major way in which new individuals are added to a population is through
51.A group of antelope leaving the herd in search of better grassland is an example of
52.Which term refers to an environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing?
53.The largest population that an environment can support is called its
54.An early winter frost preventing further growth in a tomato garden is an example of
55.An organism's particular role, or how it makes its living, is called its
56.The behaviors and physical characteristics of species that allow them to live successfully in their
environment are called
57.The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources is called
58.By hunting at different times of day, the hawk and owl are able to reduce
59.Which of the following describes an interaction in which one organism kills and eats another?
60.Which of the following is an example of a predator adaptation?
61.When a jellyfish paralyzes a tiny fish with its poisonous tentacles, the fish is the
62.A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species is called
63.Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three types of
64. A hawk building its nest on an arm of the saguaro cactus is an example of