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The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is complex and highly interrelated, involving abnormalities in left ventricular
(LV) systolic and diastolic reserve, arterial stiffening, endothelial dysfunction, chronotropic incompetence manifest by decreased heart rate (HR) reserve,
and pulmonary hypertension and atrial fibrillation leading to right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. These abnormalities lead to hemodynamic perturbations
developing in HFpEF (high filling pressures, cardiac output reserve limitations) that together with abnormalities in the periphery (skeletal muscle) produce
typical symptoms including ascites, edema, and exercise intolerance. This leads to activity avoidance and worsening of muscle conditioning and additional
peripheral limitations. Reproduced with permission from Borlaug, B. A. The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nat Rev
Source: THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE, Hurst's The Heart, 14e
Cardiol. 2014 Sep;11(9):507-515.178
Citation: Fuster V, Harrington RA, Narula J, Eapen ZJ. Hurst's The Heart, 14e; 2017 Available at: http://mhmedical.com/ Accessed: May 07,
2017
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