Download Name of Your Country - Deer Creek Middle School

Emerging Europe
Section 3
Exploration & Colonization
• To expand trade,
Europeans explored Africa,
Asia, and the Americas and
established colonies on all
three continents.
Exploration & Colonization
• Europeans wanted to find
gold and establish trade
with Asia to obtain spices,
silk, and gems
• They also wanted to
CONVERT natives to
Christianity.
Exploration & Colonization
• Dangerous
• Explorers sailed for
months.
• Storms, diseases, and
attacks by native peoples
often prevented explorers
from reaching their
journey.
Exploration & Colonization
• European countries
claimed lands for their own
countries
• They established
COLONIES.
• COLONY- an area
controlled by a distant
country.
Exploration & Colonization
• COLUMBIAN
EXCHANGE- the sharing
of goods & ideas resulting
from European exploration
and colonization.
• Colonies provided
European countries with
resources and gave them
power.
Industrial Revolution
• The Industrial Revolution
was an age of great
developments in technology
that changed how people
worked and lived
Businesses looked
for news ways to
expand production
which led to the
Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
• I.R. started in Great
Britain in the 1700s with
the TEXTILE industry.
• New machinery allowed
cloth to be manufactured
much faster than being
hand woven.
• This simple change led to a
major change in the way of
life. (clothing became
cheaper, people bought
more clothing, fashion
developed).
Industrial Revolution
• At first factories were
powered by water, in 1776
James Watt developed the
steam engine powered by
coal.
• Soon coal began powering
many different machines
• Coal became the most
important raw material.
• Britain developed as a
world power due to its rich
deposits of coal and many
colonies to also get coal and
other minerals from.
Industrial Revolution
The good….
• The I.R. had a huge impact
on the way people worked
and lived.
• Cities grew rapidly because
people moved there for
factory jobs.
• Standards of living rose
and a prosperous middle
class grew.
Industrial Revolution
The bad…
• Factory workers often faces
harsh conditions and
worked 16 hour days.
• Child labor was commonkids as young as 5 worked
in factories and mines,
some where even chained
to machines.
• Workers lived in small,
crowded houses.
• Disease spread quickly due
to poor sanitation.
The French Revolution
• The late 1700s in France
was a period of economic
and political unrest.
• A series of revolutions led
to several different
temporary governments.
• After many years of
violence, Napoleon came to
power and restored order
in France.
The Roots of the Revolution
• French society had 3 groups
• 1st Estate- clergy
• 2nd Estate- nobility
• 3rd Estate- everyone else
• The 3rd Estate paid the most
taxes but had no voice in
government.
• The 3rd Estate began to demand
change, spurred by the ideas of
the Enlightenment- stressed the
rights of the individual.
• The ideas of Enlightenment
thinkers helped inspire the
American Revolution
Nationalism & World War I
• Nationalism, new alliances,
and growing tensions in
Europe led to World War I.
• NATIONALISM- a strong
sense of loyalty to one’s
country.
• Nationalism created fierce
competition among rival
countries. Especially
countries competing for
raw materials and colonies
in Africa and Asia.
World War I
Italy
Unifies
1870
1871
German
states
unite to
form
German
Empire
European
countries
continue forming
alliances
WW I begins
US enters
war
1885
1914
1917
Archduke
Ferdinand is
assassinated
Treaty of
Versailles
signed
1918
World War I
ends
1919
Nationalism & World War I
• To strengthen their
position, countries formed
alliances.
• Due to alliances, a conflict
between 2 countries
quickly spiraled into a
world war.
Nationalism & World War I
• WW I was fought for 4
brutal years.
• Both sides used deadly
technology- machine guns,
airplanes, tanks,
submarines, & poison gas.
• In 1918 Germany
surrendered to France,
Britain, and the US.
• An estimated 10 million
soldiers and 7 million
civilians died.
Impact of World War I
Treaty of Versailles
• Germany was forced to pay
several billions in damages
and accept full blame for
the war.
• Many of Germany’s
territories were taken
away.
• The treaty angered and
humiliated the German
people and did little to ease
tensions in Europe.
• This led to another world
war.