Download Ch 33, Cancer, Immune system Dz

MNA
Mosby’s Long Term Care Assistant
Chapter 33
Cancer, Immune System and Skin
Disorders
Cancer
Out of
control cell
growth
Causes a
tumor
Cancer
Malignant
Cancerous
Benign
Non-cancerous
Metastasis
Spread of cancer to
other areas
Cancer
Cancer can occur
almost
anywhere
Skin is common
site
Risks Factors for Cancer
Growing
older
Cancer can occur
in all ages but
Most occur in
those over age 65
Risks Factors for Cancer
Tobacco
Smoking,snuff,
chewing tobacco
and second-hand
smoke
Risks Factors for Cancer
Sunlight
Causes early
aging of the
skin and can
lead to skin
cancer
Risks Factors for Cancer
Radiation
X-rays, radon
gas,
radioactive
fallout
Risks Factors for Cancer
Chemicals
Paints,
pesticides,
other
chemicals
Risks Factors for Cancer
Viruses, bacteria
Can increase risk
of certain cancers
(cervical, liver,
lymphoma, Kaposi
sarcoma
Risks Factors for Cancer
Hormones
Replacement
therapy can
increase risk for
breast cancer
Risks Factors for Cancer
Family history
Certain cancers
occur in families
(melanoma,
breast cancer,
ovary, prostate,
colon cancer)
Risks Factors for Cancer
Alcohol
Certain cancers
increase with
increased
alcohol
consumption
Risks Factors for Cancer
Poor diet, lack of physical
exercise, obesity
High fat diet increases risk of
colon cancer.
Obesity increases risk of
breast, colon, esophagus,
kidney and uterine cancer
Signs of Cancer
Changes in bowel or bladder
A sore throat that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or any other part of
body
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in warts or moles
Nagging cough or hoarseness
Treatment
Depends on type of Cancer
Cure, control or reduce symptoms
•Surgery
Removes tumors
•Radiation Kills cells, (both cancer cells and normal cells)
•Chemotherapy Drugs that kill cells, (both cancer cells &
normal cells)
•Hormone Therapy Prevents cancer cells from using
hormones needed for growth
•Biological Therapy Helps immune system fight cancer
Cancer -Resident Needs
Pain relief
Rest and exercise
Fluids and nutrition
Skin care
Elimination needs
Spiritual needs
Social needs
Immune System Disorders
Immune system
protects body
from
microorganisms,
cancer, other
harmful
substances
Immune System Disorders
Autoimmune
Disorders:
Graves Disease
Attacks
body’s own
normal cells,
tissues,
organs
Multiple Sclerosis
Lupus
Rheumatoid
Arthritis
Type I Diabetes
Immune System Disorders
Acquired Immunodeficiency
Disorder: AIDS
Caused by virus –HIV
Spread through body fluids:
blood, semen, vaginal
secretions, breast milk
Bloodborne transmission
Symptoms?
As with any other
infectious
disease, always
follow
Standard
Precautions
Bloodborne
Pathogen
Precautions
Skin Disorders
Shingles
Herpes zoster
Caused by virus that
causes chicken pox
Rash or blisters
develop
Pain, itching, tingling