Download describing graphs

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VERBS
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GO UP
grow
rise
boost
jump
rally
soar
rocket
increase
raise
RB, p. 29/ I
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GO DOWN
decline
slash
plummet
slump
bring down
fall
plunge
decrease
drop
VERBS
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PLUMMET
JUMP
SOAR
PLUNGE
ROCKET
SLASH
RB, p. 29/ II
RB, p. 30/ IV
TRANSITIVE
• slash
• boost
• bring down
• raise
BOTH
• Decrease
• increase
RB, p. 30/ V
• The government RAISED the price of fuel by 2%, it now costs $1.02,
instead of $1.
• Prices FLUCTUATED all year. It was very difficult to make plans in a
situation when we couldn’t know what to expect.
• The government's decision to decrease sales taxes BOOSTED the
economy.
• The new expansionary fiscal policy BROUGHT DOWN/DECREASED
unemployment figures in the country.
• Due to the efficient management of the company, we INCREASED
sales by 25% this year.
• Unemployment JUMPED from 200,000 to 600,000 in 3 months due
to the closure of several factories in the country.
• The higher income that resulted from the suddenly increased sales
SLASHED the company's deficit by half.
• The economy STAGNATED for five years. The GDP growth was
around 1% and there was a high unemployment.
RB, p. 31/VII
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The Sun RISES every morning.
RAISE your hand if you agree.
The problem AROSE from the lack of quality control.
Last year we RAISED 2 m in capital.
The cashflow crisis AROSE because the company did not
receive payment from its debtors.
• Retail prices ROSE by 7% last year.
• The Fed will probably RAISE interest rates by 0.5%.
• The mistakes that have ARISEN this week are due to a lack of
communication between the staff and the management.
MARK 1 “go up”, 2 ”go down”,
3 “go up a lot” or 4 “ go down a lot”
As part of an overall boom, spending on advertising rocketed in
the late 1990s and, in 2000, it soared by more
than 8% in America, which represents about half the world
market. But then the following year it plunged by 8%. Now the
industry is feeling positive again and advertising is expected to
escalate by nearly 5% this year. But how is the money being
spent? Thanks to the Internet, there was a
jump in website advertising of nearly 40%. But is traditional TV
advertising shrinking? America’s big TV networks used to reach
90% of households but then this figure plummeted to as low as
33%. Consequently, TV advertising
by some multinationals also slumped.
MARK 1 “go up”, 2 ”go down”,
3 “go up a lot” or 4 “ go down a lot”
As part of an overall boom, spending on advertising rocketed3 in
the late 1990s and, in 2000, it soared3 by more than 8% in
America, which represents about half the world market. But
then the following year it plunged4 by 8%. Now the industry is
feeling positive again and advertising is expected to escalate1 by
nearly 5% this year. But how is the money being spent? Thanks
to the Internet, there was a jump3 in website advertising of
nearly 40%. But is traditional TV advertising shrinking2?
America’s big TV networks used to reach 90% of households but
then this figure plummeted4 to as low as 33%. Consequently, TV
advertising by some multinationals also slumped4.
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NOUNS
Exercise I , p.31
Exc. II, p.32
Rice production decreased in 2002.
There was a decrease in rice production in
2002.
• We see a decrease in rice production in 2002.
• There was a decrease in rice production in
2002.
• 2002 brought a decrease in rice production.
Describing movements and prepositions
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to rise ______ 2 h ___ 5 h
to increase _____ 35 %
a decrease ____ 10 %
an increase ____ 15%
to decrease ____ 46%
to fall _____ 20 % ____ 13 %
to fall ____ $3 h ___ $2 h
The company expects a 5% increase ___ sales.
Sales stood ___ $1 m ___ 1998.
The sales figures peaked ___ $1,000.
Describing movements and prepositions
• to rise from 2 h to 5 h
• to increase by 35 % / by 3 (from 2 to 5)
• an increase of 15%
• a decrease of 10 %
• to decrease by 46% / by 2 (from 10 to 8)
• to fall from 20 % to 13 %
• to fall from $3 h to $2 h
• The company expects a 5% increase in sales.
• Sales stood at $1 m in 1998.
• The sales figures peaked at $1,000.
Careful: rast od 5% je increase of 5% noun + of
porasti za 5% nije to increase for 5% nego: increase by
verb + by
RB, p. 34/II
• Last year sales fell FROM $3m TO $1.5m.
• This year in our town there was a growth OF 20% IN
marriages.
• The employment ratio in the country reached a trough AT 30%
last year.
• The competition’s advertising spending has fluctuated
BETWEEN €5m and €5.75m this year.
• Our market share plummeted BY 20% when a new company
broke into the market. Currently we control 15% of the
market and we are making enormous losses.
• Our market share plummeted TO 20% from 45%, which is a
25% drop.
How to describe graphs in a meeting?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0Mr-O9AGmw
• What types of graphs are described?
• What is the topic of the graphs?
• How is the talk organized?
• There was a
• It fell
fall.
.
• There was a
upturn.
• The government decreased taxes
.
• They reported a
downturn.
ADJECTIVE OR ADVERB?
• There was a CONSIDERABLY / CONSIDERABLE
fall.
• It fell SLIGHT / SLIGHTLY.
• There was a SLIGHT / SLIGHTLY upturn.
• The government decreased taxes MODERATE/
MODERATELY.
• They reported a DRAMATICALLY / DRAMATIC
downturn.
Translate sentences into English
1. using a verb
2. using a verb +adverb
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Cijene su lagano narasle.
Vrijednost dionice je neznatno pala.
Kamatne stope su znatno porasle.
Cijene nekretnina su jako pale.
Vrijednost dionice je dosegla najnižu točku.
Cijena nafte se stabilizirala.
Prošle godine je cijena nafte dosegla najveću
vrijednost ikad.
RB, p. 35/ I
1. decline
2. by
3. at
4. moderate
5. leveled off (BrE) / levelled off (AmE)
6. doubled
7. peak
8. fluctuated
9. dramatic
10. substantially
HW
• RB, p. 36/III