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Understanding Rheumatoid Arthritis pathology using Cellular and Proteomic
approach
Kumari P1, Sharma A1, Malhotra R2, Datta V3, Biswas S1*
1
CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall road, Delhi-110007
2 Department
3
of Orthopaedic, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Army Hospital (Research and Referral), New
Delhi, India
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disorder with unknown etiology. The
disease is systemic in nature and predominantly affects bones and cartilage of synovial
joints in symmetric fashion. Synovial tissue is the primary target site for inflammation where
infiltrated immune cells significantly modify its protective function. Various immune mediators
secreted from resident cells of synovial tissue and infiltrated inflammatory cells eventually
result into joint destruction. Besides, insufficient knowledge behind disease progression,
unavailability of disease marker and treatment inefficacy necessitates for further research in
drug development. Determining the cellular behavior of isolated synovial cells from diseased
tissue in combination with high throughput quantitative proteomics analysis could provide an
in-depth understanding in disease biology. Present study was carried out utilizing detailed
microscopic studies of cultured synovial cells along with mass spectrometry based
quantitative proteomics technique in order to screen for potential markers and therapeutic
targets followed by their bioinformatics studies. Our results indicated abnormal behavior of
RA cells under different experimental conditions. Additionally, our previous proteomic study
identified several differentially expressed proteins. Further, their Bioinformatics analysis has
highlighted the major altered pathways that play crucial role in disease pathogenesis. Our
findings explain the major pathological and histological changes that occur in RA joint and
could led to the discovery of potential therapeutic targets.