Download Biology Semester I Exam Review Sheet 2015

Biology Semester I
Exam Review Sheet 2014- 2015
Mr. Bethem
During the exam you may:
 use one side of an 8 ½ X 11 sheet of notes
 any notes, diagrams and/or graphs must be hand-written
 YOU MAY NOT use any magnifying lenses, iPods, or other electronic devices.
 YOU MAY NOT use any photocopies (of your textbook or someone else’s notes)
 YOU MAY NOT attach any post-it notes or paper to your sheet
You must write your name on the upper right corner of the review sheet and turn it in with your test.
Chapter One: (The Science of Biology)
 Name & describe the steps of the scientific method.
 What is the goal of science?
 Name the two types of data collected by scientists.
 Explain the difference between hypothesis and scientific theory.
 In an ideal experiment, how many variables should be tested?
 What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable? (Where are they located on a
graph?)\
 Describe the experiments involved in disproving spontaneous generation. (Several scientists involved
here)
 Name & describe the characteristics of living things.
 Name & describe the levels of organization used to study living things; see chart p. 21
 Know the basic units of measurement used in the metric system; see chart p. 24
 How many micrometers = 1 millimeter?
 Know the PARTS AND their FUNCTIONS of the compound light microscope.
 What is resolution?
 What happens to resolution when magnification is increased using a compound light microscope?
 What are the two types of electron microscopes? How are images they produce different?
 Know common safety procedures used in the lab
 Review chapter 1 study guide p.30; Complete Chapter One Assessment 1-10, 14, & 15 p. 31
Chapter Two: (The Chemistry of Life)
 Name & describe the three subatomic particles that make up atoms.
 Describe the structure of an atom and an isotope.
 What is the difference between an atom’s atomic number and its atomic mass?
 Know how compounds are formed.
 Name & describe the three basic types of chemical bonds; what electrons form bonds?
 What type of ion forms when an ion gains electrons? When it loses electrons?
 What is the most abundant compound in living things?
 Describe the structure of a water molecule; what are the unique properties of water?
 Know how solutions are formed; know the meaning of the terms solvent and solute.
 Know the properties of acids & bases; know how the pH scale works.
 Describe a chemical reaction; know what reactants and products are.
 Know the monomers that build the following polymers: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids
 Know the function of the following polymers: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acid
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Know how energy relates to chemical reactions; activation energy, forms of energy absorbed/released.
Know the functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in living things.
How are the following terms related? monosaccharide/carbohydrate, amino acid/protein,
nucleotide/nucleic acid, fatty acids/lipids
How do enzymes affect reactions in living cells?
Review chapter 2 study guide p.56; Complete chapter 2 Assessment 1-10, 11, 16, 17, 19, 22, 24 p. 57
Chapter Seven: (Cell Structure and Function)
 Know the 3 statements that make up the cell theory; what organisms does the cell theory apply to?
 What role in discovery of the cell did the following individuals play: Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Virchow,
Schleiden, Schwann, Margulis
 Compare and contrast the characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
 Describe the structure (chromatin vs. chromosome) and function of the nucleus.
 Know the functions of the major cell structures; see vocabulary list on p. 174.
 Compare & Contrast plant & animal cells.
 Describe the structure & function of the cell membrane.
 Compare & Contrast: diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
 Review chapter 7 study guide p.196; Complete chapter 7 Assessment 1-8, 12, 19 p. 197
Chapter 10: (Cell Reproduction)
 Compare and contrast mitosis and the cell cycle.
 Describe what events occur in the following phases of the cell cycle: interphase, prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis
 Be able to identify photos/diagrams of the dividing cell in the different phases of division.
 What roles do surface area and volume play in the need for a cell to go through division.
 How does a bacteria’s (prokaryote) division differ than that of a eukaryotic cell?
 What are cyclins?
 What occurs when a cell cannot control its cell cycle and divides uncontrollably.
Chapter Eighteen: (Classification)
 How are living things organized for study?
 What is binomial nomenclature?
 What is taxonomy? What is a taxon?
 Describe how the two-part scientific name is assigned to an organism.
 What is the meaning of each part of the scientific name?
 Describe Linnaeus’s system of classification; see figure 18-5 p. 250.
 What are traditional classification systems primarily based on?
 What are the 3 Domains under which all life on Earth is classified?
 What characteristics does an organism need to have in order to be classified under each domain?
 What are the 6 Kingdoms under which all life on Earth is classified?
 Know the defining characteristics of each kingdom; see figure 18-12 p.459
 Review chapter 18 study guide p.464; Complete chapter 18 Assessment 1-10, 12, 14, 22, 23, 24, 25
p.465