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Lifestyle Factors
Smoking
Unit 14
Exercise, Health & Lifestyle
Smoking
• Tobacco contain nicotine & tar
• Nicotine is very addictive
• It stimulates the central nervous system, increases
your heart rate & blood pressure
• Tar is a complex mix of chemicals, most of which
cause cancer
• It is deposited in the lungs & gradually absorbed by
the body
Diseases caused by Smoking
The risk of disease increases with;• Volume of smoking (per day)
• Number of years
• How deeply the smoke is inhaled
• Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
• Cancer
• Lung infections
Coronary Heart Disease
• Generic term
• Number of conditions caused by
interrupted/reduced blood flow through the
coronary arteries of the heart
• Smoking causes atherolsclerosis (build up of fatty
acids in arteries / hardening of the arteries)
• Which can increase the risk of a blood clot which
leads to heart attack
Cancer
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Worldwide, lung cancer = most common form
Lung cancer most associated with smoking
Age when started smoking is a significant factor
<15 yrs old = 2 x as many cell mutation than >20
Smoking can also lead to cancers of the;mouth
oesophagus
bladder
breast
cervix
colon
liver
kidneys
Lung Infections
• Smokers are more likely to get more respiratory
tract infections than non-smokers
• Colds & flu
• Pneumonia
• Bronchitis
• Smoking causes damage to the cilia and over time
they are less effective at clearing debris & irritants
therefore leading to more infections