Download Introduction to Greek and Roman History

Introduction to Greek and Roman History
Lecture 19
Octavian’s triumph
Silver denarius, R/ DICT PERPETVO CAESAR, wreathed and
veiled head of Caesar right; V/ SEPVLLIVS MACER, Venus
standing left, Victory in right, long vertical scepter in left,
shield at feet to right.
The Empire at the death of Caesar
Mutina, 21st April 43
When his designs were opposed by
Marcus Antonius, who was then consul,
and on whose help he had especially
counted, and Antony would not allow him
even common and ordinary justice without
the promise of a heavy bribe, he went
over to the aristocrats, who he knew
detested Antony, especially because he
was besieging Decimus Brutus at Mutina,
and trying to drive him by force of arms
from the province given him by Caesar
and ratified by the senate. Suetonius, Life
of Augustus, 10.2
Philippi
October 42
The agreement of Brundisium, September 40
Sextus Pompeius
MAG PIVS IMP ITER, galley adorned with aquila, sceptre and trident before the
Colonna Rhegina, decorated with a statue of Neptune/Poseidon PRAEF CLAS ET
ORAE MARIT EX S C, the monster Scylla, her torso of dogs and fishes, wielding a
rudder as a club.
On the reverse, the title of Sextus Pompeius, PRAEFECTUS CLASSIS ET ORAE
MARITIMAE EX SENATUS CONSULTO, means "Commander of the fleet and of the
coasts for decision of the Senate".
Antony and Cleopatra
Marc Antony and Cleopatra Denarius, 34 BC
Alexandria mint. CLEOPATRAE • REGINAE • REGVM • FILIORVM • REGVM,
draped & diademed bust of Cleopatra right; prow before / ANTONI • ARMENIA •
DEVICTA, bare head of Antony right; Armenian tiara behind.
Antony’s mercenaries at Actium
Marc Antony, AR Denarius, 32-31 BC, Mint moving with Marc
Antony
ANT . AVG / III . VIR . R . P . C Praetorian galley right, scepter tied
with fillet on prow LEG | Iib Aquila between two legionary standards