Download Cellular Chemical Reactions

Cues
 Elements
 Within Cell
 Carbohydrates
 Lipids
 Proteins
 Nucleic Acid
 Water
Elements
 All matter in the universe- living and nonliving- can be
broken down into substances called elements (made of
atoms).
 About 25 are essential for life.
Within Cells
 Most activities that take place within cells involves
atoms and molecules interacting. In this process,
called a chemical reaction, bonds between atoms are
broken and new bonds to make different molecules.
Carbohydrates
 Carbohydrates provide the cell with energy. Inside
cells, sugar molecules are broken down. This process
provides usable energy for the cell.
 In plants, when they make more sugar than they can
use they are stored in long chains called starch.
Lipids
 Lipids are the fats, oils and waxes found in living
things.
Proteins
 Proteins are made of smaller molecules called amino
acids. Which contain the elements, carbon, oxygen,
hydrogen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur.
 Your body gets amino acids from protein in food, such
as meat. Your cells then use them to build proteins
needed for proper cell functioning.
Nucleic Acid
 Nucleic acids are molecules that hold the instructions
for the maintenance, growth, and reproduction of
cells. There are two types:
 DNA:

Provides the information use by the cell to produce proteins
 RNA

Produce proteins.
Water
 All of the chemical reactions inside the cell take place
in water. About two thirds of every cell is water. Due to
its structure a water molecule has a slight positive
charge near the hydrogen atoms and a slight negative
charge near the oxygen atom.
Research
 What percent of the body is made of Oxygen, Carbon,





Hydrogen?
What are the four main types of large molecules and
what characteristic do they share?
What is an important property of lipids?
What are some things that proteins do?
What are the subunits of nucleic acids called?
Use pg 537 to describe how a cell membrane is
designed.