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Evolution
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Evolution
Evolution means
CHANGE over TIME
Lamarck
• Believed that acquired characteristics are inherited
Darwin
• Studied finches and discovered
Natural Selection
• Natural Selection- the most FIT
animals survive and reproduce,
passing their traits on.
• Fitness- best suited for the
environment
All species on this island have:
1.) the ability to eat:
paper (because its high in fiber) is
our main source of food
2.) the ability to reproduce
3.) the ability to escape predators
4.) room to live
UNLESS you have the any of the
following features:
Braces
Sorry, paper gets caught-up in your braces :
1.) you die because food never makes to your
stomach
Fingernail polish
People with
fingernail polish don’t
have the ability to
pick up the paper in
order to eat it.
You will
simply starve to
death!
If you’re Shorter than
5’3”
Sorry friend you’re too
short to
reproduce.
(Bummer)
Looks like no genes
will be passed on by
you.
If you’re taller than
5’11”
You take up way
too much room;
this is a small
space and you
don’t belong here!!
Congratulations
Survivors!
The remaining few of you living
shall SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE!!
4 forces of evolution
• Natural Selection
• Gene Flow
• Genetic Drift
• Mutation
Natural Selection
• The most fit organisms in a population will survive
and reproduce, passing the traits on
• Undesirable traits might eventually disappear!
Gene Flow
• AKA: Migration!
• Organisms entering and leaving a population
• Bring new traits in or take traits out (changes the
population over time)
Genetic Drift
• RANDOM changes in the allele frequency (amount
of a trait in the population)
Mutations
• Causes new traits to enter into the population
• Can be good, bad, or neutral
Adaptations- traits that help an
organism survive its
environment
• Behavioral- how it ACTS
• Functional- how it WORKS
• Structural- how it LOOKS