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Metal Additive Manufacture
Seminar
Manufacturing Technology Centre,
Coventry
18-19 May 2007
Aerospace √
Medical √
Courtesy: Cdr J. Forsberg,
Washington, US
Ford √
Agreed categories
1. VAT Photopolymerisation
2. Sheet Lamination
3. Material Extrusion
4. Material Jetting
5. Powder Bed Fusion (PBF)
6. Binder Jetting
7. Directed Energy Deposition (DED)
Laser Powder Bed Fusion
L-PBF
• Fatigue life is worse.
• Yield strength can be better
• Hot Isostatic pressing (HIP) can improve
fatigue life but reduces yield strength
• HIP can improve density but has to start high
with no linked porosity
Costs
• £6.18/cm3 for L-PBF (But full machine)
• Recent stainless steel 316L £18.30/cm3
Powder
• 1/3 cost is raw powder
• Powder characteristics affect build
– Particle size and distribution
– Particle shape
– Particle porosity
– Bulk packing and Flow
– Alloy composition
– Interstitials
– Cleanliness
Gas
Inspection
• In process inspection
systems
• Post manufacture
inspection
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–
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XCT
Resonance
Eddy current
Ultrasonic
Magnetic particle
3D scanning
Software
• Topology Optimisation (TrueForm Creo,
CAESS ProTOp, ANSYS 18.1)
Lattices
Truss
Distortion Prediction Tools (MTC, Pan, 3D
SIM, GeonX)
Creo4
• Creo4.0 Additive Manufacturing extension
– Direct connection to Stratasys and 3D systems
printers
– Lattice creation
Ingredients
Method
Equipment
Post processing