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Yr 10 Biology Unit 1:
Name:____________________
TEST 1: Characteristics of Life, Cells, Microscopy and
Biomolecules
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
(TOTAL 15 MARKS)
1. Cell theory was developed in the mid 1800's based on many years of work by a
number of prominent scientists. Which of the following is NOT a part of cell
theory?
A.
B.
C.
D.
There are two basic types of cells: plant cells and animal cells
New cells are produced from existing cells
Cells are the basic function unit of life
All living things consist of one or more cells or of products of cells
2. Which of the following is not a “characteristic of life”:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ability to move
Ability to exchange gases with the environment
Ability to produce food
Ability to respond to stimuli
3. Which of the following correctly identifies some of the features of a particular
kingdom of living things.
Kingdom
A:
B:
C:
D:
Plantae
Plantae
Fungi
Fungi
Type of
nutrition
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Cellular nature:
Multi or uni cellular
Multicellular
Can be either
unicellular
Can be either
Composition of
cell wall
Chitin
Cellulose
Cellulose
Chitin
/37
4. A thin section A-A was cut from a cell sample (as shown to
the right) and mounted on a slide.
Which of the following best illustrates how the cells would
appear under the microscope.
A
A.
B.
C.
D.
5. This picture was taken of part of a small animal, what kind of microscope was
used to view this animal?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Light microscope
Scanning electron microscope
Fluorescent microscope
Transmission electron microscope
A
The following 2 questions refer to the image below of an electron-micrograph
of a small section of a cell
Organelle Z
Organelle X
(As outlined
by the
dotted line)
Organelle Z
Organelle Z
6. This image could show a part of any of the following cell types except for :
A.
B.
C.
D.
A bacterial cell
A fungal cell
A plant cell
An animal cells
7. Based on this image and your understanding of cell structure, organelles X and
Z are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Organelle X
The Rough Endoplasmic
Retiuculum
Golgi body
A chloroplast
Golgi Body
Organelle Z
Mitochondria
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
lysosomes
Vesicles
The following information is relevant to the next three questions
This picture of a cross section of a cell was taken by a transmission electron
microscope
O
M
N
P
Q
8. Before the cell section can be viewed using a transmission electron microscope
it needs to be:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Stained using an electron dense chemical
Coated with a heavy metal like gold
Place on a glass slide with a coverslip over the specimen
Frozen in liquid Nitrogen for several hours
9. A student observed this cross section and stated that there are 4 mitochondria
present in the cell. She is:
A. Correct because the mitochondria are double membrane structures which
have a highly folded inner membrane
B. Correct because the cross section of a cell allows you to view the interior
of a cell, and the picture only contains 4 mitochondria
C. Incorrect because the cross section only allows you to view one layer of
the cell; there may be more mitochondria in other layers
D. Incorrect because this is a prokaryotic cell which does not contain
mitochondria
.
10. Which of the organelles in this cell would also be found in a bacterial cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
M
M, N, O , P and Q
N only
None of these are found in bacteria
11. The diagram below shows a small organism, called a rotifer, that was observed
by a student using light microscope. It was viewed under x400 magnification
and the diameter of the field of view was 450m. The circular diagram
represents a complete field of view.
The approximate width of the organism is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
225 m
50 m
450 m
100 m
12. Examine the diagram of the microscope below:
Z
W
Y
X
In relation to the parts of a light microscope and their function which of the following
statements is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Structure Y is the iris diaphragm
Z and W both magnify the specimen
Z is the objective lens
The function of X is to increase the amount of light passing through the
specimen
13. In a typical plant cell, you would expect to find
A.
B.
C.
D.
Lipid in the cell membrane only
Starch in the cell wall only
Cellulose in the chloroplast only
Nucleic acids in the nucleus only
14. Which of the following is not formed by the process of polymerization?
A.
B.
C.
D.
glucose
DNA
Cellulose
Starch
15. Consider the table below which shows the elements found in a number of
compounds. A tick indicates the element is present and a cross that it is
absent.
Element
present
H
O
C
N
P
S
Compound
1
√
√
√
√
√
x
Compound
2
√
√
√
√
x
√
Based on this data:
A.
B.
C.
D.
All four compounds are organic
Compound 3 must be a carbohydrate
Compound 1 could be DNA
Compound 2 is a lipid
Compound
3
√
√
√
x
x
x
Compound
4
√
√
x
x
x
x
Short Answer questions
/23 Marks
Question 1
a) Lipids can be found as molecule called a tri-glyceride. Draw a rough diagram
of a triglyceride and label its components. (you do not need to add in the
molecular composition of this molecule)
 1 mark: One glycerol molecule
 1 mark: 3 fatty acid molecules
2 marks
b) Is a lipid an example of a polymer? Explain
 1 mark: No
 1 mark: not made of the same repeating unit OR not made of multiple
repeats of the same unit
 Not made of monomers ½ mark
2 marks
TOTAL 4 MARKS
Question 2
Two cells, A and B, were stained and cut into many thin sections. These sections
were examined using a transmission electron microscope and used to build up a full
picture of the entire cell.
One of the cells was a cell from the leaf of a geranium plant. The other was a cell
from the lining of the stomach that secretes the protein pepsin.
The following table shows some of the data collected about these cells.
Organelle
Nucleus
Golgi body
Cell wall
mitochondria
Chloroplasts
How many of each organelle/structure were identified in
each cell
Cell A
Cell B
1
1
2
16
1
0
5
50
50
0
a) (i) What is the role of the nucleus of the cell?
Controls and coordinates cell function
1 mark
b) (i) From what monomers would pepsin be formed?
Amino Acids
1 mark
c) Identify Cell A and B as either the geranium leaf cell or the gastric cell from
the stomach lining. Give two reasons why you have made each choice.
(HINT: look at the mark allocation and make clearly linked points in your
response)
Cell A: Geranium leaf
1 mark
Reason 1: contains cell wall which is present in all plant cells(so a geramium
leaf) and not in animal cells(like gastric cell)
Reason 2: contains chloroplasts which are present in most leaf cells (so a
geramium leaf) and in no animal cells(so cell A isn’t a gastric cell)
2 marks
Cell B: Gastric cell
1 mark
Any two of:




no chloroplasts as this is an animal cell (and the other cell has
chloroplast)
no cell wall as this is an animal cell (and the other cell has cell wall)
Large number of mitochondria as much energy is needed to make and
secrete the protein pepsin
Large number of golgi bodies as the gastric cell secretes pepsin, as
golgi body are responsible for secreting protein from cells
2 marks
One of these cells also showed an extensive Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
d) (i) Which cell, A or B, do you think this was likely to be?
B
1 mark
(ii) Explain why the cell you have selected would need an extensive Rough ER

Cell B secretes lots of the protein pepsin

Rough ER required for protein synthesis: transports proteins made by
ribosomes on its surface
(NOT ROUCH ER TRANSPORTS RIBOSOMES AROUND THE CELL??)
2 marks
TOTAL 11 marks
QUESTION 3
a) List two features that are common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
1. cell membrane
2. cytoplasm
3. ribosomes
4. DNA
I also allowed flagella as some prokaryotic cells and some eukaryotic
cells can have these but all of either do not. If wording had ask
common to all pro and euk cells then if wouldn’t have been allowed
2 marks
b) The images below are of cells viewed using different types of microscopes
Cell 2
Cell 1
a) Which cell was viewed using an electron microscope? Give two reasons to support your
answer
 Cell 2

Much higher magnification

Can see small internal detail of the chloroplast that cannot be seen with the LM.
3 marks
b) Compared to a light microscope, what are two disadvantages of using an electron
microscope?
 Images produced are black and white only (unless artificially coloured) —lose
original colour of cell

Cell are killed during preparation for viewing / only dead cells are viewed—
cannot view live specimen
2 marks
TOTAL 7 MARKS