Download The Heart and Circulation #1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

The Heart and Circulation #1
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1. These are the functional units of the circulatory system with respect to exchange of materials
between the blood and the cells. Its wall is made of a single layer of epithelial cells with pores
between the cells - this facilitates diffusion as there are few physical barriers to the diffusion of
materials. They have a diameter about the size of a red blood cell. No living cell in the body is
much further that 2 or 3 cell diameters from one of these that is functional.
4. This is the average thickness of the tunica media of veins.
6. This is the name of one of the four connective tissues. It is the only liquid tissue. It is a very
important component of the circulatory system.
7. There is only one of these and it is worthy of note because it carries the most oxygen rich
blood in the fetus. It bifurcates in the abdomen with one branch joining the hepatic portal vein,
thereby entering the fetal liver and the other (ductus venosus) going directly into the inferior
vena cava. After birth, it becomes the ligamentum teres.
8. There are two of these at the superior end of the human heart, one on the right and one on the
left. They are sometimes referred to as the receiving chambers of the heart. They receive blood
from the veins and the coronary sinus and then allow the blood to pass into the respective
ventricles. The second letter of this answer is not "U".
11. This is one of three things happens to the heart to place it in a normal human. The other two
things are that the apex of the heart is tilted anteriorly and tilted to the left.
12. These are tendinous chords that connect the cusps of the atrioventricular valves to the
papillary muscles on the walls of the ventricles. Functionally they are important because they
help prevent prolapse of the AV valves.
13. This is the pointed inferior end of the heart. It usually comes in contact with the thoracic wall
at intercostal space 5, midclavicular, left side.
14. This structure is composed of fibrous connective tissue. It is between the left ventricle and
the left atrium. Functionally this is important as it prevents backflow of blood from the left
ventricle to the left atrium. It opens and closes passively. The chordae tendineae attach the it to
the papillary muscles on the ventricular walls, thereby helping to prevent prolapse of the valves.
It has two cusps. This answer does not begin with "M".
15. This name means that materials begin within the system and eventually return to the same
point, remaining in the system the entire time. A good example of this is the circulatory system.
Down
2. These are thick walled vessels with relatively large numbers of smooth muscle cells in their
walls. They carry blood away from the heart CHAMBERS.
3. These are what carry blood from the fetus to the placenta. They are branches of the interal iliac
arteries.
5. There are two of these at the superior end of the human heart, one on the right and one on the
left. They are sometimes referred to as the receiving chambers of the heart. They receive blood
from the veins and the coronary sinus and then allow the blood to pass into the respective
ventricles. The second letter of this answer is not "T".
6. This is a process that involves the movement of relatively large amounts of materials being
moved over relatively large distances in a short period of time. This is primarily accomplished by
the circulatory system. It is supplemented by the lymphatic system.
8. This is the name of the first vessel that blood enters when it leaves the left ventricle.
9. This is the average thickness of the tunica medial of arteries.
10. This name translates to "little arteries". They are between the arteries and the capillaryies.
Their tunica media is usually about 6 to 8 muscle cells thick.