Download Zoology Chapter 8-‐9: Introduction to Animals Review for Test

Zoology Chapter 8-­‐9: Introduction to Animals Review for Test 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
List the what parts of the body each germ layer forms: Endoderm Ectoderm Mesoderm Digestive system skin muscles ______Cephalization____________________________ is characterized by the concentration of sensory and brain structures in the anterior end. A eucoelom is a body cavity completely lined with ______mesoderm_______________________________. An animal that has body parts that extend from outward from its center shows what type of symmetry? ________radial symmetry_________________________________ During which stage of development do the germ layers form? ______gastrulation_______________________ Refer to the coelomate picture you drew. a. Which one displays no body cavity? _________acoelom__________________________ b. Which type would humans have? __________eucoelom___________________________________ c. Make sure you can pick out the characteristics of any type of coelom!!! A butterfly would have which type of symmetry? _____bilateral________________________________ A cnidarian (jellyfish, sea anemone) would have which type of symmetry?____radial___________________ List the characteristics of Protostomes and Deuterostomes: Protostomes Deuterostomes Blastopore becomes… mouth anus How do cells divide? Spiral radial Cells decide what they will Determinate Indeterminate become… What organisms? Invertebrates (except Vertebrates plus echinoderms echinoderms aka starfish) (aka starfish) Many animals have a head that is located at the ___anterior__________________________ end of their body and a tail that is located at the _____posterior_________________________ end of their body. In an animal that is bilaterally symmetrical, which of the two halves mirror each other? ______left and right_______________________________________ What do you call a fertilized egg? _____________zygote_________________________ Which of the three germ layers in animal embryos gives rise to muscles and much of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems? _____mesoderm___________________________ The lungs develop from which germ layer? ______endoderm_____________________________ A _______blastula_____________________ is a hollow ball of cells in an embryo. Zoology Chapter 8-­‐9: Introduction to Animals Review for Test 16. As an animal develops, the ectoderm becomes what? _____skin and nervous system__________________ 17. Draw a fish and label the dorsal, ventral, anterior, and posterior side dorsal Anterior posterior ventral 18. What does the mouth of a protostome begin as? ___blastopore__________________________________ 19. Draw and label the endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm, and blastopore of a cell. See notes or picture on powerpoint. Make sure you know that the blastopore is the opening. 20. Which type of digestive system is most efficient? _____unidirectional__________________________ Vocabulary 21. __invertebrates__________________________________: animals WITHOUT a backbone 22. __vertebrates__________________________________: animals WITH a backbone 23. _open___________________________________: circulatory system with blood loose inside body spaces 24. ___closed_________________________________: circulatory system with blood flowing through veins and vessels 25. ___bidirectional___________________: type of digestive system in which there is only one opening, so food enters and exits same opening 26. ____unidirectional________________________________: type of digestive system in which there are two openings, so food enters one opening and exits another 27. ___integumentary_________________________________: body system consisting of skin, scales, or feathers 28. ____digestive________________________________: body system that breaks down food to obtain nutrients 29. __sexual__________________________________: reproductive process in which offspring have genetic material of two parents 30. _____asexual__________________________: reproductive process in which offspring have genetic material of only one parent 31. ___indirect________________________: type of development where the immature young look different than the adult 32. _____direct___________________________: type of development where the immature young are just smaller version of the adult 33. ___external_________________________: type of fertilization in which the egg and sperm join outside of the female’s body 34. ____internal____________________________: type of fertilization in which the egg and sperm join inside the female’s body 35. ______endocrine_______________________: the body system that makes hormones that regulate other body systems 36. ____ammonia________________________________: most toxic form of nitrogen waste; made by fish 37. _____uric acid____________________________: least toxic form of nitrogen waste; made by birds and reptiles Continued on next page Zoology Chapter 8-­‐9: Introduction to Animals Review for Test 38. Be able to label a figure similar to the cat picture you drew. This includes knowing where the following terms are located: Anterior, Posterior, Dorsal, Ventral, Sagittal Plane, Frontal Plane, Transverse Plane. 39. Be able to list the characteristics that must be true for a living thing to be considered an animal. Eukaryotic Heterotrophic Multicellular Specialization Move DNA Reproduce