Download Chapter 16 Human Impact Study Guide

Chapter 16 Human Impact Study Guide
1. What makes an energy source renewable? Can be used over and over in very short amounts
of time. What are some examples of renewable ( wind, solar, geothermal, biofuels) and
non-renewable energy sources( fossil fuels, oils, coal and natural gas)?
2. How do chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) impact the environment and where do they come from? CFC come
from refrigerant and aerosols they break down the ozone layer high in the sky
3. What is the purpose of the ozone layer? Protect skin from the Ultraviolet rays
4. What chemicals are released by burning coal? Carbon dioxide, sulfur, nitrogen and small particles
5. What allows for solar energy to be trapped in the atmosphere? Carbon dioxide, water and methane in the
atmosphere
6. Why was use of the chemical DDT restricted in the United States? Hurt wildlife, specifically the bald
eagle population and stayed in the environment for a long time
7. What is the largest cause of extinction of species around the world? Human impact on habitat
8. What is the primary cause for the loss of biodiversity? Loss of habitat for animals
9. Why is human impact on the environment greater than the impact by other organisms? Humans destroy
large areas in a small amount of time
10. Why is it essential that people are aware of their impact on the environment? Once an area is lost or
polluted it is hard to recover.
11. What is biomagnification?as a chemical moves up the food chain it is found in higher amounts How have
mercury and DDT examples of chemicals that are involved with biomagnification? Eagle’s eggs become
very thin due to DDT and mercury is found in newborn babies from mother eating food that has been
contaminated with mercury or PCB.
12.
Give examples of renewable and nonrenewable resources. What is the importance of
resource management? If we run out of non-renewables then we will not have any other source
of energy.
13.
Be able to explain the causes, effects, and solutions to:
 Air Quality
Cause
effect
solution
o
Air pollution
Burning fossil fuel
Breathing problems
Use clean energy,
have industry clean
up wastes from
power plants
smog
Burning fossil fuel
Breathing problems
Use clean energy,
have industry clean
up wastes from
power plants
Acid rain
Burning fossil fuel
Causes lakes and
Use solar or wind
rivers to change pH
energy
Greenhouse effect
Burning fossil fuel
Causes the
Use solar or wind
temperatures to
energy
change which causes
ice sheets to melt
which cause flooding

Water Quality
o Water pollution cause toxic material dumped into the land and runoff from land
fertilizers. We need to have better regulation on dumping toxic materials
o
o
o Understand biomagnification, the accumulation of toxins, and how they travel up
the food chain/trophic levels. Do fat soluble pollutants get stored in an organisms
body? yes

Threats to biodiversity
o Non-native species- how do they distrupt the ecosystem? They do not have natural
predators so they destroy native species and the environment - they grow unchecked
o Assess the consequences of the loss of biodiversity – as we loss biodiversity, there are
more chances for disease to wipe out single species and more chance of even more
loss of habitat
14.
Explain how an umbrella species can protect an entire ecosystem – if you protect one umbrella
species that also protects other animals in that habitat
15.
Define sustainable development and describe some of its methods. Crop rotation,
16. Nonrenewable resources are natural resources that are used more quickly than can be formed.
 Example: coal
and oil
.
17. Renewable resources are ones that cannot be used up, or can be replaced as fast as they are used.
 Example of resources that cannot be used up: wind
and solar energy
 Example of resource that can be re-grown as quickly as it is used: biofuels like switch grass or corn
.
18. Ecological footprint is the amount of land necessary to produce enough food, water, shelter, and energy, and to hold the
waste of an individual or population.
 What is the average U.S. citizen’s ecological footprint?
.
24 football fields or 9.7 hectares
a. Global warming.
B. Greenhouse effect
E. pollution
F. Particulates.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
C. Smog
D. Acid Rain
E
The addition of any undesirable material to the air, water, or soil.
C
A type of air pollution that forms from the waste products of burned gas, coal, and oil.
F
Microscopic bits of dust, metal, and unburned fuel. This is one component of smog.
D
This is produced when pollutants in the water cycle cause the pH of rain to drop below normal.
B
Earth’s atmosphere contains gases that help to slow the loss of heat. This is known as…
__A____ The trend of increasing global temperatures.
25. One way scientists determine the health of an ecosystem is by studying particular
organism
, which are called indicator species
.
26. Biomagnification is the process
by which pollution
move up the food chain
27.
.
. Define the following:
28. Habitat fragmentation:
29. Introduced species:
30. Sustainable development: practice I which natural resources are used and managed in a way that meets current needs without
hurting future generation
31. Umbrella species: protecting this species will protect many other species
STOP HERE
32. What is biodiversity? Give at least one reason biodiversity is important to humans.
33. What role does habitat fragmentation play in loss of biodiversity? What is one solution?
34. What are the consequences to the loss of biodiversity?
35. What is sustainable development?
36. List and describe 2 sustainable development methods.
37. How can protecting an umbrella species protect the entire ecosystem?
38. How are umbrella species and keystone species similar?
39. How do governmental actions help to preserve natural habitats and protect resources? Who implements laws that in place to protect
resources and species?