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Embodied Realism and Perceptual Symbol Systems: Contributions to the Mind/Body Dilemma ABSTRACT One of the many modern guises of the mind/body dilemma is the debate over whether cognition is amodal or embodied. Whereas the currently popular psychological paradigm models cognition as a series of processes which operate on mental content that is purely abstract and entirely devoid of perceptual Igor Dolgov New Mexico State University Department of Psychology SOLUTIONS SYMBOL PROFILES PRESENTATIONAL REPRESENTATIONAL DUALISMS IN COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY content, in recent years embodied cognitive theorists like George Lakoff have Logical Positivist Approach :: Rationalism & Empiricism made the claim that cognition is grounded in the body and inherently perceptual Reflex Arc Paradigm :: SensationÆPerceptionÆCognitionÆAction in nature. Lamentably, this debate has thus far been bereft of an adequate Indirect Realism :: Cognition is Amodal delineation of symbol types. I propose a potential solution to this debate which entails a comparison of presentational and representational symbol types in light of their common origin. I further suggest that the embodied model is better suited for constructing robust theory of cognition than the popular amodal formulation. ALTERNATIVE ACCOUNTS Direct Realism :: Thomas Reid, John Dewey, Mark Johnston Ecological Psychology :: N. Bernstein, J.J. Gibson, M.T. Turvey Embodied Cognition :: Lakoff & Johnson, Barsalou, Glenberg A BRIEF HISTORY OF DUALISM Foundations MISSING PIECES PERCEPTUAL SYMBOL SYSTEMS, MIRROR NEURONS & SIMULATION Cartesian Dualism PRESENTATIONAL SYMBOLISM EMBODIED REALISM FURTHER READING: Direct Perception Johnston, M. (2004). The obscure object of hallucination. Philosophical Studies, 120, 113-184. Ecological Psychology Gibson, J.J. (1966). The senses considered as perceptual systems. New York: Houghton Mifflin. Gibson, J.J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Hillsday, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Embodied Cognition Barsalou, L.W. (1999). Perceptual symbol systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 577-660. Barsalou, L.W. (2008). Grounded cognition. Annual Review of Psychology, 59, 617-645. Glenberg, A. (1997). What memory is for. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 20, 1-55. Presentational Symbolism Shanon, B. (1993). The representational and presentational. Hertfordshire, UK: Harvester Wheatsheaf. Hunt, H.T. (1995). The linguistic network of signifiers and imaginable polysemy: An essay on the co-dependant origination of symbolic forms. Journal of Mind and Behavior, 16(4), 405-420.
