Download Notes for Ancient Egypt Interactive Notebook Pages

NOTES FOR “ANCIENT EGYPT” INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK PAGES
“POWER WORDS” PAGES
Bureaucracy: a large, complex
organization that functions under a
given set of rules and conditions.
(p.457 TCI)
Vizier: the person in charge of a
government bureaucracy.
Pharaoh: a ruler of Ancient Egypt.
(p. 82 TCI)
Mummification: a practice used by
Egyptians. Drying of a dead body to
prevent rotting.
Chariots: horse-drawn vehicles that
the Egyptians used for war. They
learned to use them from the Hyksos.
Dynasty: a family of rulers having the
right to rule being passed down.
Giza: the city where the great
pyramid is located.
The Old Kingdom: c. 2586-2181
B.C.E.; first pyramids build; Egypt’s
first dynasty.
The Middle Kingdom: c. 2025-1782
B.C.; A NEW royal dynasty gained
control; it was a period of expansion
and stability. Pharaoh had a new role
as provider and leader instead being
an almighty, distant ruler.
Red Lands: land on both sides of the
Nile; uninhabited and were hot
deserts.
Lower Egypt: The Northern part of
Egypt where the delta flows into the
Mediterranean Sea; this area is more
fertile.
Hieroglyphics: a system of writing
that implemented pictures used by
Ancient Egypt; developed around
3,000 BCE. (TCI p. 100)
Hieratic script: a simplified version of
hieroglyphics using dashes and strokes
to represent the pictures in
hieroglyphics.
The New Kingdom: Hykos ruled for
100 years; New dynasty came and
defeated Hykos with new weapons, so
a new kingdom is established 15671085 BC. It was a time of expansion
and rich art and architechture.
Ka: Egyptians believed each soul had
two bodies and physical and a
spiritual. KA is the spiritual one.
Black Lands: fertile lands near the Nile
River Villages; developed along river
so they could farm.
Upper Egypt: The SOUTH region of
Egypt; land drier and more
mountainous here.
“EVENTS TIMELINE” PAGE
*We will add to the timeline as we go.
For the question: “What was the difference between Mesopotamia and
Egypt’s landscape? How did it affect their civilization?
ANSWER: Mesopotamia was located on flat land that placed them at risk for invasion; Egypt had natural barriers
(mountains) that provided more protection from invaders and a greater sense of security.
Be sure you added the following vocabulary on this page:
Nile River: the longest river in the world, flowing through eastern Africa to a delta in northeastern Egypt.
Topography: the shape and elevation of surface features such as mountains or deserts of a place or region.
Vegetation: the plants of a place or region.
Canaan: a land northeast of Egypt, settled by ancient Israelites.
NOTES FOR “ANCIENT EGYPT” INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK PAGES
“THE TWO LANDS: ANCIENT EGYPT” PAGE
Under the question flap, “What occurred between “Upper Egypt” and “Lower Egypt? How does it relate to the flow of
the Nile River?
ANSWER: In early Ancient Egypt, the Nile River divided two separate countries (Upper and Lower Egypt) with the first
dynasty , Upper and Lower Egypt became unified into one country by King Menes. The delta was in Lower Egypt and the
land upstream was Upper Egypt. The Nile flowed downward to Lower Egypt.
Be sure you added the following vocabulary on this page:
Jordan River: A river in SW Asia that flows from the Lebanon Mountains south of the Sea of Galilee into the Dead Sea.
Mediterranean Sea: a body of water north of Africa; Nile River flows into it.
Kush: a society along the Nile River, south of Egypt.
“SOCIETY IN ANCIENT EGYPT” PAGE
Pharaoh: the ruler of Egypt: acted as a god.
Viziers, Priests, Nobles: Highest officials worked under the pharaoh. Most powerful groups in Egypt under the pharaoh;
Viziers – government officials (assisted pharaoh) that decided court cases. Noble: person of high birth.
Scribes: MEN ONLY!! They were upper/middle class. They had knowledge of reading and writing. Their jobs were to
write and copy hieroglyphic and hieratic scripts.
Merchants and Craftspeople: were middle class workers who lived in villages comfortably but not wealthy.
Peasants and Farmers/Servants: the largest of the social classes. Peasants worked the land, providing the Egyptians
with a steady food supply. When not farming, during the flood season, peasant farmers BUILT TEMPLES!
What do you believe daily life was like in Egypt?
THIS ANSWER IS YOUR OPINION.
In the social hierarchy, which groups do you think were the most educated and why?
THE UPPER HIERARCHY GROUPS, ESPECIALLY THE SCRIBES BECAUSE THEIR JOB INVOLVES ATTENDING A SPECIAL
SCHOOL TO LEARN HOW TO WRITE AND READ HIROGLLYPHIC AND HIERACTIC SCRIPT.
Be sure you added the following vocabulary on this page:
Status: the position, or standing of an individual compared to others in the same society.
Social Pyramid: A pyramid outline showing the positions of social classes according to their status in society.
Social Class: a group in society that is ranked by factors such as wealth, rights and property.
NOTES FOR “ANCIENT EGYPT” INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK PAGES
“INFLUENTIAL PHARAOHS AND RULERS” PAGE
Menes: ruled c. 100 BCE; very first royal dynasty created under him; he merged Upper and Lower Egypt together and
ruled.
Hatshepsut: ruled c. 1503-1482 BCE; SHE was the first woman to become Pharaoh, which was odd in that time period;
very successful pharaoh; Egypt prospered during her reign; daughter of Thutmose I.
Thutmose III: ruled 1498-1483 BCE; nephew of Hatshepsut; was viewed as a warrior king and won famous battles;
expanded Egypt westward during his reign.
Tutankhamen: reigned c. 1334-1325 BCE; well-known for his well-preserved tomb within the valley-of–the-kings; little
known about his reign; very young. MOST FAMOUS BECAUSE OF THE AMAZING ARTIFACTS FOUND IN HIS TOMB.
Akhenaten: reigned 1379-1334 BCE; only worshipped one god, the sun god RA; when he came into power, he closed
the other temples and shrines; caused destruction.
Ramses II: reigned 1279-1212 BCE; defeated the Hittites in the battle of Kadesh; he was one of the most powerful
pharaohs; his wife was Nefertiti; known as Ramses the Great; built monuments; built temple at Abu Simbel.
“THE OLD KINGDOM; THE MIDDLE KINGDOM; THE NEW KINGDOM” PAGE
The Old Kingdom – What were the significant events that occurred in the Old Kingdom?
ANSWER: Egypt had their first dynasty; Memphis was made the capital of the kingdom; they build their famous
pyramids. Lasted from 2700 to 2200 BCE; strong central government set up; Known as the “Age of the Pyramids”
The Middle Kingdom – What did Egypt conquer during this time?
ANSWER: They conquered Nubia, which is located south of Egypt; art and literature were also flourishing during the
Middle Kingdom. FAMOUS FOR RE-UNIFICATION because it followed years of chaos and disunity; Egyptians enjoyed
many achievements in literature, art and architecture.
The New Kingdom – What was this period referred to as?
ANSWER: THE GOLDEN AGE, WHEN EGYPT REACHED ITS HEIGHT OF POWER; Referred to as the period of expansion
and prosperity; the rulers during this time were more powerful and effective, such as Hatshepsut; a time of peace and
stability; Egypt’s power reached its height. Pharaohs increased trade and many massive monuments built.
NOTES FOR “ANCIENT EGYPT” INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK PAGES
“PYRAMIDS OF GIZA” PAGE
One of the greatest achievements during Ancient Egyptian times were: the building of the great pyramids.
UNDER THE PYRAMIDS OF GIZA FLAP: The pyramids were built to be tombs for the pharaohs. BUILT OF OVER 2
MILLION STONE BLOCKS WITH TUNNELS INSIDE!
For what purpose were the pyramids designed? The pyramids contained tombs for the pharaohs who passed away.
The believed in preserving the body for the afterlife.
What was placed inside the pyramids? Tombs and mummies of pharaohs and rulers.
What is “Ka”? “Ka” is the spiritual body of a human being. It lives beyond death and into the afterlife.
“MUMMIFICATION” PAGE
Be sure to your added the following vocabulary word on this page:
Afterlife: an existence after death.
“TRANSITIONING FROM MIDDLE KINGDOM TO NEW KINGDOM” PAGE
What did the Egyptians learn from Hyksos?
ANSWER UNDER THE FLAP: They learned the use of war chariots; they learned the use of bronze while making weapons
and tools for farming; they mastered military skills.
How do you think Egypt came back into power after the Hyksos invasion?
ANSWER UNDER THE FLAP: a new dynasty used their newly-learned skills (the war chariot and weapon-making) against
them.
UNDER THE HATSHEPSUT FLAP: She ruled under the New Kingdom; it was a time of expansion and prosperity because
she was such an effective and powerful female ruler.
Be use you added the following vocabulary to this page:
Treaty: a written agreement by which two or more states agree to peaceful relations.
NOTES FOR “ANCIENT EGYPT” INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK PAGES
“HIEROGLYPHICS” PAGE
Hieroglyphics, What are they? ANSWER: A form of writing used by the ancient Egyptians. They are pictures that
represent things, ideas, or sounds. This type of writing led to other cultures using similar types of writing.
What is the Rosetta Stone? ANSWER: Jean Francois Onampollion, a French soldier found a large stone buried in the
Nile River. It was inscribed in 196 BCE and had a passage that was in three different languages; one was hieroglyphics.
He was able to learn hieroglyphics because he knew the other two languages; helped us understand hieroglyphics.
What tools did they use to write? ANSWER: chisels and hammers to use on stone tablets or walls; brushes for wood or
papyrus.
Hieratic Script: What is hieratic script and how does it differ from hieroglyphics? ANSWER: Hieratic Script is a
simplified, short-hand version of hieroglyphics. It uses the same principles, but uses simplified drawings with dashes,
curves, and strokes instead.
“BRAIN BREAK AND FUN FACT” PAGES
THESE ARE TO COMPLETE IF THERE IS EXTRA TIME! 