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UNITED
NATIONS
EP
United Nations
Environment
Programme
Distr.
GENERAL
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/
FPM 4/10/1
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
Northwest Pacific Action Plan
Data and Information Network
Regional Activity Centre
The 4thNOWPAP DINRAC Focal Points Meeting
Dalian, People’s Republic of China, 27-28 September 2005
REPORT OF CHINA ON THE STATUS AND ACTIVITIES OF DATA AND
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN 2004-2005 BIENNIUM
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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National Report of the People’s Republic of China on Coastal and Marine
Environmental GIS and RS Applications in the NOWPAP Region
1. Country
People’s Republic of China
2. Issued date of the National Report
20 September 2005
3.
NOWPAP DINRAC Focal Points
Dr. Xiangbin Pei
Office for Marine Environment Protection
State Environmental Protection Administration
No.115 Xizhimennei Nanxiaojie
Beijing 100035, P.R. China
Tel: (86-10) 66556276
Email: [email protected]
Introduction to institutions in which the NOWPAP DINRAC Focal Points work
The office for marine environment protection, the State Environment Protection
Administration.
The office for marine environment protection is affiliated with the department of pollution control
of SEPA. The office is in charge of coastal and marine environment protection in SEPA, such as
prevention and control of land-based pollution, supervision and administration of coastal
engineering and ship-dismantling projects, ect..
4. Current situation of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine
environmental protection
4.1 General description
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology makes it possible to integrate data from
several sources. It can manage, analyze, process data, and present results as thematic
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syntheses within a geographical referential. Over the past few years, the tools have been used
for the management and visualization of coastal and marine environmental factor data,
integration with environmental model, marine fishery resource evaluation and information
service, and coastal zone management, ect.. It can provide diagnosis analysis and decision
support in many cases involving management of a complex situation. For example, it can
present several scenarios for coastal zone planning and management problems. It is an efficient
interface between scientific studies and analyses and decision making.
4.2 Main activities of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection
National Coastal Data Platform Manage System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural
Resources Research, CAS.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Coastal zone Management, Research support service.
 Management and visualization of multi-source data in the spatio-temporal database.
 China coastal zone, East China Sea.
 Main software platforms are ArcGIS8.3, More1.0
 Data on image data and maps about National Coastal zone, 1976-2003.
Marine Geographic Information System (MaXplorer, MaXcatlog, ARGOGIS) for China Coastal
Management, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Oceanography, Marine Environmental Monitoring and Resource Management.
 Management and visualization of multi-source data on Marine Environment Science.
 China coastal zone, NW Pacific.
 Main software platforms are MaXplorer, MaXcatlog, ARGOGIS. They are developed
by LREIS.
 Data on Oceanographic data, ARGO data, remote-sensing images and maps,
1985-2005
Marine Fishery Geographic Information System for North Pacific Marine fishery, Institute of
Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Fishery and Marine Bio-resource Management.
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 Analysis, Management and mapping of data on Marine Fishery.
 North Pacific region.
 This software is developed by LREIS.
 Data on Oceanographic data, ARGO data, remote-sensing images and maps of North
Pacific, 1985-2005
GIS on Sea ice in Bohai Sea, National Satellite Meterological Center.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Physical Oceanography, Marine Environment Science.
 Bohai Sea and adjacent area.
 Main software platforms are ArcView, Arcinfo, ENVI.
 The dataset on sea ice are retrieved from FY-1D.
Oil spill control. Shandong Maritime safety Administration.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Marine environment science, oil spill pollution control.
 Mapping of coastal environment sensitivity
 Within Yellow Sea area.
 Main software platform is PAMAP GIS.
GIS on land-based discharge control and coastal water quality in the Dalian bay, National
Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Land-based pollution control.
 Cartographical Visualization of data on Physical Oceanography, Marine Environment
Science.
 Within Yellow Sea area.
 Main software platforms are ArcView , Arcinfo.
 The information system could support spatial optimization Control of total land-based
discharge and Spatio-temporal Analysis of water quality
The HY-1 satellite ground receiving and processing system, National Satellite Ocean
Application Service, State Oceanic Administration.
 National levels of the application.
 Departmental sectors of the application.
 Physical Oceanography, Biological Oceanography, Support of marine disaster
monitoring and forecast. Coastal land use and coastline monitoring, and scientific researches
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and fishery,
 Yellow Sea, East China Sea, North-West Pacific Ocean.
 Main software platforms are ArcGis and Owner software.
 The NSOAS HY-1 satellite data are in archives in National Satellite Ocean Application
Service.
Integrated Application GIS for the individual marine disciplines, National Marine Data
and Information Service, State Oceanic Administration.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Departmental/Enterprises sectors of the application.
 Physical Oceanography, Hydrometerology, Marine Ecology, Support of Scientific
researches.
 Cartographical Visualization of data on Physical Oceanography, Hydrometerology,
Marine Ecology.
 Yellow sea, East China Sea. NW Pacific.
 Main software platforms are ArcView 8.1, Mapinfo 7.0, OceanMap 2.0
GIS-based Electronic Marine Environment & Resources Atlas, National Marine Data and
Information Service, State Oceanic Administration.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Departmental/Enterprises sectors of the application.
 Physical Oceanography, Hydrology, Meteorology, Chemistry, Marine Ecology, Marine
Economic Resources.
 Cartographical Visualization of data on Physical Oceanography, Hydrology,
Meteorology, Chemistry, Marine Ecology, Marine Economic Resources.
 Yellow Sea, East China Sea, NW Pacific.
 Main software platforms are ArcView, Mapinfo, and other.
Coastal Surge System, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
 Departmental/Institutional levels of the application.
 Physical Oceanography, Marine Environmental Monitoring, .
 East China Sea, NW Pacific.
 Main software platform is Surge System 1.0 that is developed byIO, CAS.
4.3 The number of the institutions/organizations involved in the applications
Approximate 15 Institutions, organizations that belong to different agencies, services,
departments and Chinese Academy of sciences.
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4.4 The number of the existing systems/projects of the applications
About 12 different kind of applications are developed in the NOWPAP Region
5. the future of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental
protection
5.1 General description
The last few years have seen a rapid development in the coastal and marine
application of GIS and RS. Remote sensing technologies are evolving and changing on
a regular basis, new ways to use this problem-solving technology is being developed in
coastal and marine application.
GIS helps coastal managers collect, organize, and interpret a vast amount of data.
GIS provides help to the users in the coastal and marine environmental protection in
several ways including visualization of data, data storage, spatial analysis,
environmental modeling and decision support applications, ect.. For example, 2D and
3D GIS visualization tools help represent data in a format that readily shows trends and
patterns.
As we become increasingly aware of the oceans and seas and the many resources they contain,
we have an inherent responsibility to preserve them. Researchers, organizations, and
professionals dedicated to understanding and analyzing this dynamic and changing
environment are using GIS and RS to develop coastal and marine applications, and make
marine-specific GIS techniques.
5.2 Activities of GIS and RS application
Activities of GIS and RS application in Coastal and Marine Environment protection
focus on the following:
GIS
 Land-based pollution control.
 Marine environment monitoring and assessment.
 Marine environment modeling and forecast.
 Marine environment impact assessment.
 Marine Biological diversity and nature reserve.
 Monitoring and evaluation of natural disasters.
 Coastal Zone Management and Coastal ecosystem GIS.
 Oceanography
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 Fisheries GIS.
 GIS Integration and development.
RS
 Marine environment monitoring, e.g. sea surface tempera monitoring and ocean color
monitoring
 Ocean disaster monitoring and forecast, e.g. red tide monitoring, sea ice monitoring.
 Coastal zone management, e.g. Coastline change monitoring, Coastal land use and
coastal vegetation and coastal ecosystem monitoring.
 Marine resources management, marine fishery resource environment monitoring.
 Oil spill emergency response.
 Oceanography science researches.
5.3 The important activity plans

The plan of satellites to launch. According to the overall development plan of marine
satellite, after the successful launch of HY-1A, the establishment and reasoning of HY-1B are
carrying out according to the plan. The main technical indicators are the same as that of
HY-1A.The preparation of advanced research of HY-2 has been carried out. HY-2 will mainly
carry microwave remote sensor － radar altimeter, microwave radiometer and microwave
scatterometer. The satellites will enhance the application of coastal and marine environmental
RS, Such as coastal and Marine environment and hazards monitoring, Marine resources
management, marine fishery resource environment monitoring, spill emergency response and
Oceanography science researches, ect..
 The plan of “digital ocean”. The project of Coastal and Marine Comprehensive Survey
and Assessment (908 Special Project) has been funded. It will take 6 years (2004-2009). The
project consists of 3 parts: Part 1. Coastal and marine comprehensive survey (2004-2007); Part
2. Coastal and marine comprehensive assessment (2005-2008); Part 3. To establish the ‘digital
ocean’ information infrastructure (2005-2009). Using the survey data from the part 1 and
assessment result data obtaining from part 2, the information platform and clearinghouse of the
project will be set up in order to form the comprehensive information service system. In addition,
the project includes establishment of coastal and marine information systems for special
application, such as, coastal information system, island information system, marine
environment information system, marine resource and energy information system, marine
economic information system, ect..
6. Institutions/organizations involved in GIS and RS applications on coastal and
marine environmental protection
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6.1 Introduction to the main institutions/organizations
Environmental Information Center (EIC), SEPA
Address: A-805, No.1 Yuhuinanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
Tel:
86-10-8463 4272
Fax:
86-10-8463 4272
Email: [email protected]
URL:
http://www.zhb.gov.cn/english
Environmental Information Center (EIC) was set up in May, 1996. It is affiliated to the State
Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA). The Information Center mainly provides
information services to the environmental protection system, with the following responsibilities:
 Environmental information collection and processing, and management of information
materials;
 Construction and management of environmental information systems;
 Researches and development of environmental information products.
EIC has made ecological survey of the coastal provinces using RS and other data.
China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC), SEPA
Address: No.1 Yuhuinanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
Tel:
86-10-8465 3808
Fax:
86-10-8465 4244
URL:
http://www.cnemc.cn
China Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC) was founded in 1980. It is an institution
directly affiliated to the State Environmental Protection Administration.
It provides support and service for the SEPA’s environmental supervision management,
plays a role as network center, information center and training center of national environmental
monitoring system and provides professional management and guidance for the national
environmental monitoring system.
CNEMC is responsible for collecting, archiving, managing, analyzing national
environmental monitoring data, and publishing national environmental situation.
In CNEMC, GIS is used for analyzing and presenting environmental monitoring data.
National Marine Data and Information Service (NMDIS), SOA
Address: 93 Liuwei Rd., Hedong District, Tianjin , 300171, China
Tel:
86-22-2421 4161
Fax:
86-22-2430 4408
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URL: www.coi.gov.cn
Email: [email protected]
The National Marine Data and information Service ( NMDIS ) under the State Oceanic
Administration ( SOA ), which was set up in 1958, is a national comprehensive sector for
research on marine information technologies and service for public benefit, which is
composed of four operational systems, i.e.,the National Oceanographic Data Centre of China
( CNODC ), the Institute of Marine Scientific and Technological Information (IMSTI)including
the National Marine Archives Centre ( NMAC ), the
China Operational Centre of the
International Ocean Institute ( IOI-China ) and
National
the
Marine Space Information
Research and Development Centre ( MSIRDC ). The major tasks of the Service are to
organize and coordinate the national work on marine data and scientific and technological
information ; take charge of the collection, processing, storage and service of various kinds
of marine information; establish a variety of marine databases; and provide different marine
information products and service.
The Service has established and developed the National Marine Information System
since 1993. The system has got into the information expressway through Internet, and joined
the International Oceanographic Data & Information Exchange System.
In NMDIS, GIS is used for analyzing, visualizing, presenting marine observation data.
National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA
Address: No.8, Dahuisi, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
Tel:
86-10- 6217 3625
Fax:
86-10-6217 3620
URL: www.nsoas.gov.cn
Email: [email protected]
In March 1998, State Oceanic Administration began to prepare to construct the NSOAS
on the basis of the General Satellite Department, at the same time promote the construction of
the HY-1 satellite ground application system. In May 1999, the construction of HY-1 satellite
ground application system was established and approved by National Audit Committee. In
September 2000, Central Organization Committee, CPC approved to establish NSOAS. Its
responsibilities and tasks:
It is responsible for the preparation of plan of ocean series satellites and the application
research and the integrated reasoning of the application project of important ocean satellite
remote sensing and the development of series of ocean satellites.
It is responsible for the management of ocean satellite remote sensing operation and the
application technology, the organization of technical research of ocean satellite remote sensing
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application, the preparation of construction plan of ocean satellite remote sensing application
operational system and the operational implementation of ocean satellite remote sensing
application.
It takes charge of construction and management of HY-1 satellite ground application
system and HY-1 satellite ground receiving station, the development of special software for
HY-1 satellite and the updating and upgrading.
It takes charge of the real-time reception, processing, product archiving and distribution
services and the issuance of HY-1 satellite information product, the construction and
management of the ocean satellite database and information system, and the updating and
upgrading of the data and system.
It is responsible for the establishment of the standard and specification of the ocean
satellite date format, data processing and product format.
It is responsible for the planning, establishment and maintenance management of sea
radiometric correction field and validity check field, the implementation of the tasks of sea and
land test field and the organization of international technical cooperation and academic
exchange of ocean satellite remote sensing.
National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center (NMEMC),SOA
Address: 1-8 Lingshuiqiao, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
Tel:
86-411-467 1429
Fax:
86-411-467 2396
URL: http://www.nmemc.gov.cn
Email: [email protected]
The National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center (NMEMC) (i.e. Institute of Marine
Environmental Protection) of China was founded in 1979. It is a public welfare institution
responsible mainly for both the professional and technological management for nation-wide
marine environmental monitoring and the research on marine environmental protection. The
Center is organized into 10 divisions: marine biological resources, marine chemistry, marine
environmental dynamics, sea ice, monitoring management, Central Laboratory, National
Technical Station of Sea Water Management, Institute of Marine Engineering Research,
Exploration and Design, Hi-Tech. Development, and marine information and data. Its main tasks
and duties are:
 Technical management of nation-wide marine environmental monitoring;
 Assessment on the environmental quality of China Sea, forecast and prediction of the
developing trends and provision of suggestions and strategies concerned;
 Marine environmental monitoring, surveillance and protection, ocean dumping and oil
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pollution control;
 Development of coastal and sea island resources;
 Service for marine engineering;
 Scientific research on sea ice;
 International cooperation and exchange on marine environmental monitoring and
protection;
 Nation-wide marine environmental monitoring methodology, standards and SRMs, and
intercalibration;
 Technological management and professional training;
 Provision of scientific basis for the arbitration of great marine pollution accidents at
home and abroad.
The main projects and programs carried out in recent years are as follows: investigation
and assessment on marine pollution, history of and prediction on marine pollution, ocean
dumping site selections and research on the impact of ocean dumping on marine environment,
prevention and control of marine oil pollution, comprehensive investigation on marine
environment, marine development planning and designation of sea functional zones,
comprehensive survey on sea island and coastal resources, monitoring and surveillance for
major discharge pipes, feasibility survey and environmental impact assessment for construction
of sea ports and marine engineering, research on cultivating technology.
National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC), CMA
Address: No. 46 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
Tel.
86-10-6840 6213
Fax.
86-10-6217 5937
Email: [email protected] or [email protected]
URL: www.nsmc.cma.gov.cn
The National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC) was founded on July 1, 1971. It is a
scientific research and operational facility affiliated to the China Meteorological
Administration. NSMC has facilities of satellite meteorology research, system design, computer
system, satellite,operation control , operational and service, system support, etc. The three
ground stations of Beijing, Guangzhou, Urumqi are also under the supervision of NSMC. The
main functions of NSMC include:
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 To formulate and draft strategy and development program for China's meteorological
satellites.
 To build up the ground system for China's meteorological satellites.
 To conduct scientific researches on meteorological satellite and satellite meteorology.
 To be responsible for receiving, processing, distribution and application of foreign and
China's meteorological satellite data.
NSMC carries out activities of theoretical and experimental researches on radiation
transmission in the atmosphere, the algorithm for meteorological satellite data processing as
well as the application of meteorological satellite data. These researches have in turn supported
the development of NSMC, promoted the meteorological satellite data application in China and
also the international cooperation.
By using the ground system, NSMC receives and processes meteorological satellite data
from both Chinese and foreign satellites. These data have played an important role in the fields
of weather forecasting, natural disaster monitoring and national economy. Remarkable social
and economical benefits have been archived.
The Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IRSA/CAS)
Address: P. O. Box 9718, Beijing, China 100101
Tel: 86-10-64876313
Fax: 86-10-64876313
URL: http://www.irsa.ac.cn
Email: [email protected]
The Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IRSA/CAS),
was Founded in 1979 with approval of State Council. Supported by Geographic Information
System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS), IRSA taking Digital Earth as its strategic
goal is a comprehensive research institution engaging in basic theory, cutting edge technology,
application methods and application research on remote sensing.
The aims of IRSA are to develop the theory and technology of remote sensing information
sciences; to provide scientific support of macro decision making for nation’s sustainable
development; and to become a base for China’s remote sensing for resources and environment,
a base for remote sensing engineering application and industrialization.
The Center for Nature Resource and Environment Remote Sensing Application covers
the innovation fields of Land Resource and Environment Crop Growing Monitor and Product
Assessment 、 Nature Hazard Monitor and Prediction 、 Solid Earth and Ocean Mineral
Resources、Remote Sensing Data Modeling and Knowledge Discovery. The tenet of The Center
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is to use the synthetic technique advantages of different fields to provide imagery information
and scientific data for sustainable development、national security、promoting earth science and
national strategic decision making.
The Remote-Sensing Satellite Ground Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (RSGS
/CAS)
Address: (P.O.Box 2434),,#45,Bei san huan xi Road, Beijing, 100086 ,China.
Tel:(+86-10)62553662
Fax:(+86-10)62587827
URL: http://www.rsgs.ac.cn
Email:[email protected]
The Remote-Sensing Satellite Ground Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, (i.e.
China Remote-Sensing Satellite Ground Station, or China RSGS for short,). Main missions of
the Station are to receive, process, archive and distribute the earth-resources data from various
remote-sensing satellites, and also to make scientific researches regarding satellite
remote-sensing data receiving, processing and the relevant various techniques and methods.
After a series of complicated processing, the acquired earth-resources remote-sensing data are
offered to users in the form of various media.
China RSGS has preliminarily realized the goal of one station to a number of satellites,
and has been continuously developing toward the direction of all-weather, all-time,
multi-satellite, multi-resolution and nearly real-time data receiving and processing. For the
time-being, the Station regularly receives and processes data from the following satellites:
Landsat-5/7 (U.S.), ERS-1/2 (European Space Agency) ,JERS-1 (Japan), SPOT-1/2/4/5
(France) and Radarsat-1/2 (Canada),CBERS-1/2 (China and Brazil) and IRS(India). These data
have been widely applied in many fields such as: land-resources survey, oceanic-resources
survey, environmental monitoring, land-administration programming, land-use survey,
crops-yield assessment, geological exploration, research on deserts, glaciers and grassland,
etc.
The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), The
Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese
Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Address: A-11, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China 100101
Tel: 86-10-64889276
Fax: 86-10-64851844
URL: http://www.lreis.ac.cn/
Email: [email protected]
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The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS)
is a research institute taking remote sensing and GIS application as its basic research and
application demonstration, belongs to the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural
Resources Research, CAS.
Directions and Aims of Scientific Researches: Based on geography and applying the
methods and technical means of system science and information science synthetically, to
research the universal-fundamental subjects and frontal subjects in the field of resources and
environment information system, to exploit new application fields, to develop new methods and
corresponding software of information management and analysis, and to promote the
development and application of Chinese resources and environment information system from
the aspects of theory and technical means.
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS)
Address: No.7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
Tel:
86-532-287 9062
Fax:
86-532-287 0882
Email: [email protected]
URL: www.iocas.qdio.ac.cn
The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS) was first
established in 1950. It is the largest and most comprehensive multidisciplinary marine research
institution in China. Since its establishment, the institute has done lots of pioneering and
foundation laying work in systematics of marine biota, marine ecology, mariculture, marine
bio-technique, ocean circulation and ocean-atmosphere interaction, tides, waves and storm
surges, marine sedimentation, marine geochemistry, lithospheric structure of ocean bottom,
chemical oceanography, seaweed chemistry and marine resource chemistry, marine
environment engineering, red tide and environment protection, marine erosion and its protection,
marine monitoring and censoring technique, application of RS and GIS in oceanography, etc..
6.2 Inventory of the institutions/organizations
Inventory of the Institutions/organizations involved in GIS and RS applications
on coastal and marine environmental protection in the NOWPAP Region
Evaluation of
No
Name
Main Directions/tasks of
Research Level
Main outcomes
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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.
(High,
Research/work
Medium,
Original)
1
EIC,
Environmental information collection and
EIC has made
SEPA
processing,
ecological survey of
and
management
of
information materials; Construction and
management
of
Medium,
environmental
provinces using RS
information systems; researches and
development
of
the coastal
and other data.
environmental
information products.
2
CNEMC,
As the center of network, technology,
Medium,
GIS
is
used
SEPA
information and training for the national
analyzing
environmental monitoring, China
presenting
National Environmental Center is
environmental
responsible for managing and guiding
monitoring data.
for
and
the work of the national environmental
monitoring system, and providing
technical support to SEPA in carrying out
environmental supervision and
management.
The main task of CNEMC is to collect,
archive, manage, analyze national
environmental monitoring data, and
publize national environmental situation.
3
NMDIS,
SOA
Medium
The
Service
has
To organize and coordinate the national
established
and
work
developed
the
on
marine
scientific
and
technological data and information; take
National
Marine
charge of the collection, processing,
Information System
storage and service of various kinds of
since 1993.
marine information; establish a variety of
system has got into
marine databases; and provide different
the
marine information products and service.
expressway
The
information
through Internet, and
joined
the
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International
Oceanographic Data
&
Information
Exchange System.
4
NSOAS,
Management of ocean satellite remote
High
The
system
is
SOA
sensing operation and the application
specially
designed
technology, the organization of technical
for
receiving,
research of ocean satellite remote
processing,
sensing application, the preparation of
archiving
construction plan of ocean satellite
distributing the HY-1
remote sensing application operational
satellite all data and
system and the operational
its products to the
implementation of ocean satellite remote
users.
and
sensing application.
Construction and management of HY-1
satellite ground application system and
HY-1 satellite ground receiving station,
the development of special software for
HY-1 satellite and the updating and
upgrading.
The real-time reception, processing,
product
archiving
and
distribution
services and the issuance of HY-1
satellite
information
product,
the
construction and management of the
ocean satellite database and information
system, and the updating and upgrading
of the data and system.
5
NMEMC,
The main projects and programs carried
SOA
out in recent years are as follows:
analyzing
investigation and assessment on marine
presenting
pollution, history of and prediction on
environmental
marine pollution, ocean dumping site
monitoring data.
selections and research on the impact of
ocean dumping on marine environment,
prevention and control of marine oil
pollution, comprehensive investigation
on
marine
environment,
marine
Medium
GIS
is
used
for
and
marine
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development planning and designation
of sea functional zones, comprehensive
survey on sea island and coastal
resources, monitoring and surveillance
for major discharge pipes, feasibility
survey
and
environmental
impact
assessment for construction of sea ports
and marine engineering, research on
cultivating technology.
6
NSMC,
The main functions of NSMC include:
High
To take charge of the
CMA
To formulate and draft strategy and
collection,
development program for China's
processing, storage,
meteorological satellites.
management
of
To build up the ground system for
various
of
China's meteorological satellites.
meteorological
To conduct scientific researches on
satellite
meteorological satellite and satellite
information;
meteorology.
establish a variety of
To be responsible for receiving,
meteorological
processing, distribution and application
satellite databases;
of foreign and China's meteorological
and provide different
satellite data.
meteorological
kinds
data
and
information products
and service.
7
IRSA
Researches
on
CAS
mechanisms between visible, infrared,
Remote
and
microwave
information,
and
the
interactive
High
remote
sensing
Image
Earth's
surface
and
materials; exploring the transmission
Sensing
Processing
Analysis
System,
rules of remote sensing information in
various
media;
developing
frontier
remote sensing technology such as
hyperspectral
imaging
remote
radar;
sensing
establishing
and
and
developing theories and methods of
remote sensing applied to resources,
environment, and disaster etc.
Web GIS software
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Researches
on
the
modeling
and
mapping of the spatial properties of
remote sensed images, the technologies
and methods of up-to data RS image
location
system,
GPS,
and
the
integrated technologies of RS images &
GIS,
as
well
as
3-D
information
extraction
and
real-time
processing
techniques.
8
RSGS
Main missions of the Station are to
High
Remote
Sensing
CAS
receive, process, archive and distribute
data receiving and
the earth-resources data from various
processing.
remote-sensing satellites, and also to
make scientific researches regarding
satellite remote-sensing data receiving,
processing and the relevant various
techniques and methods. After a series
of complicated processing, the acquired
earth-resources remote-sensing data
are offered to users in the form of various
media.
9
LREIS
Based on geography and applying the
IGSNRR
CAS
Several
GIS-based
methods and technical means of system
systems
are
science and information science
developed,
e.g.
synthetically, to research the
Marine
fishery
universal-fundamental subjects and
service
GIS,
frontal subjects in the field of resources
Information
and environment information system, to
on
exploit new application fields, to develop
etc...
new methods and corresponding
software of information management
and analysis, and to promote the
development and application of Chinese
resources and environment information
system from the aspects of theory and
technical means.
High
coastal
system
zone,
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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10
IOCAS
marine biota, marine ecology,
mariculture, physical oceanography,
Medium
Using
Remote
and ocean-atmosphere interaction,
Sensing
Biological oceanography, marine
Development
sedimentation, marine geochemistry,
Coastal Surge System
chemical oceanography, marine
to simulate the surface
environment engineering, red tide and
of the sea by the
environment protection, marine
altimeter data.
monitoring and censoring technique,
application of RS and GIS in
oceanography, ect..
7.
Activities relating to GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine
environmental protection
7.1 Introduction of the main activities
7.1.1
Coastal hazard monitoring and forecast
National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA, National Satellite
Meteorological Center (NSMC), CMA, National Marine Data and Information Service (NMDIS),
SOA, Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy
of Sciences (CAS), the second institute of oceanography, SOA, Maritime Safety Administration
of China, MAS.
Activity: Establishment of National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS).
Monitoring and Forecast of sea ice and red tides, Control of the disastrous results from the
hazards. Oil spill monitoring and prevention.
Development of the forecast system of sea ice in the Bohai sea. Establishment of marine
environment and marine disaster information system. Training of GIS and Oil spill model for oil
spill pollution prevention.
7.1.2
Marine Bioresources and Marine fisheries
The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS),
The Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese
Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chinese Academy of Fishery (CAFS) Sciences, Institute of
Oceanology of the China Academy of Sciences (IO CAS), National Satellite Ocean Application
Service (NSOAS), SOA
data,
of
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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Activity: Monitoring of bioresources and bioproductivity and fishing ground environment
factors using the remote-sensing and ocean survey and fishery production investigation.
Construction of oceanic fishery database including Background database, Fishery capture and
production database, biology survey database, Environmental database, Archive database of
the fishery ship. Development of GIS software and GIS-based information service systems.
Establishment of fleetness forecast system and dynamic management system of ocean fishery.
Development of resource evaluation model and control of over fishery activities. Provision of
marine fishery information products. Bioresource assessment, planning and decision making
support. Promotion of sustainable development of oceanic fisheries.
7.1.3
Coastal zone management
National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA, National Marine Data and
Information Service (NMDIS), SOA, Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research
(IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
Activity: Monitoring of coastline change and coastal land use using the satellite remote
sensing. Establishment of the coastal zone environment information system. Establishment of
the National Coastal Data platform Manage System to manage coastal data and offshore
multi-source data within a geographical referential, and realize the access the database by the
object-oriented means, and spatial data analysis and visualization. Provision of information
service and Support of coastal zone management. Data include image data and maps about
National Coastal zone, 1976-2003.
7.1.4
Coastal and Marine environmental monitoring and protection
China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC), SEPA, National Marine
Environmental Monitoring Center (NMEMC),SOA, National Satellite Ocean Application Service
(NSOAS), SOA.
Activity: monitoring of marine environment using the satellite remote sensing, Monitoring
of the sea surface temperature fields and sea water color using the satellite remote-sensing.
Spatial analysis and visualization of coastal and marine environmental data using GIS. Mapping
of coastal and marine environment quality. Control of land-based pollution and protection of
coastal water quality.
7.1.5
Information service and Scientific researches
The Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IRSA/CAS),
National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA, China National Environmental
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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Monitoring Center (CNEMC), SEPA, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center
(NMEMC),SOA, National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC), CMA, National Marine Data
and Information Service (NMDIS), SOA, Institute of Oceanology of the China Academy of
Sciences (IO CAS), The Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research
(IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chinese Academy of Fishery (CAFS)
Sciences,
Activity: Collection, Archive, storage, analysis of the national and foreign oceanographic
and RS data. Development of coastal and marine information products and distribution of these
products via Internet/Intranet and on CD-ROMs. Developing of the satellite remote sensing
data receiving and processing system and the data distribution system. Establishment of
Web-based information service system and Integrated application GIS for the individual marine
disciplines. Under support of GIS and RS, some scientific issues on oceanography and
Meteorology are studied, e.g. the sea surface physics processes and sea surface height, ect..
Development of new equipment and software. Establishment of oceanic information
infrastructure. Application of RS and GIS and information technology for coastal and marine
sustainable development. Provision of information services for scientific researches and
sustainable development.
7.2 Inventory of the activities
Inventory of the Activities Relating to GIS and RS Systems
on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region
No
.
1
The Dates of
Title
Study Area
Research Fields
Beginning
Main Outcomes
and End
Coastal
Bohai Sea,
hazard
Yellow sea,
monitoring
East China
and forecast
sea
Marine ecology,
Monitoring and forecast of
Physical
Oceanography,
Environmental
protection
2000-2005
coastal hazards,
Control of the results from
coastal hazards
Monitoring of bioresources
and bioproductivity and
fishing ground environment
2
factors, Development of
Marine
China East
Bioresource
Sea.
GIS-based information
Biological
service systems.
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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s and Marine
fisheries
Oceanography,
NW Pacific
1997-2005
Establishment of fleetness
Marine Ecology,
forecast system and
Fishery
dynamic management
management,
system of ocean fishery.
Development of resource
evaluation model and
control of over fishery
activities.
Promotion of sustainable
development of oceanic
fisheries.
Monitoring
Coastal zone
3
managemen
t
of
coastline
China
Coastal ecology,
change and coastal land
Coastal
Coastal resources,
use
Zone,
Coastal wetland and
Yellow Sea,
reserves,
East China
GIS application
Sea
technology
2001-2005
using
the
satellite
remote sensing.
Establishment
National
of
Coastal
the
Data
platform Manage System
Monitoring of marine
environment, Monitoring of
the sea surface
temperature fields and sea
Coastal
water color. Spatial analysis
Marine
4
Physical
environment
Yellow sea,
Oceanography,
monitoring
East China
Environmental
and
Sea.
protection, Pollution
environment
and visualization of coastal
and marine environmental
1998-2005
data. mapping of coastal
and marine environment
control,
quality. Control of
protection
land-based pollution and
protection of coastal water
quality.
5
Yellow Sea,
Information
Information
East China
Technology, Physical
Services and
Sea, NW
Oceanography,
Scientific
Pacific
Hydrometeorology,
Development of coastal and
1999-2005
marine information products
and distribution of these
products via
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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researches
Biological
Internet/Intranet and on
Oceanography,
CD-ROMs.
Research Support
Developing of the satellite
Services
remote sensing data
receiving and processing
system
Under support of GIS and
RS, some scientific issues
on oceanography and
Meteorology are studied.
Provision of information
services for scientific
researches and sustainable
development.
8.
Inventory of the GIS and RS data
Inventory of the GIS and RS Data
on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region
Number of
Number of
DataType
No.
Institutions/
Organizations
Sea
Dataset
Database
s
s
12
8
Meta-Databases
Maps
Atlases
Multimedia
12
12
6
1
Yellow
sea
East
1
China
12
sea
NW
Pacific
9.
Inventory of the GIS and RS systems
Inventory of the GIS and RS Systems
on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region
N
System Type
Number of
Number of
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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o.
Sea
Application Systems
WebGIS Services
10
2
Institutions/Organizatio
ns
Yellow sea
1
East China sea
8
NW Pacific
10. Inventory of the GIS and RS reports
Inventory of the GIS and RS Reports
on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region
N
o.
1
Sea
Number of Reports
Number of
Institutions/Organizations
Yellow sea
East China sea
10
8
NW Pacific
11. Summary
The brief introduction to the national history of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine
environmental protection in the NOWPAP Region
In China, some projects of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental
protection have been implemented successively in the Nowpap region since 1990, for example, the
project of National Coastal Data Platform Manage System, the project of Marine Fishery
Geographic Information System, ect.. The GIS applications are presented in detail: Land-based
pollution control, Marine environment monitoring and assessment, Marine environment modeling,
Marine environment impact assessment, Monitoring and evaluation of coastal hazards, Coastal
Zone Management, Oceanography and Fisheries GIS, Coastal and marine mapping, GIS
Integration and development for coastal and marine application. In the process of establishment of the
‘digital ocean’ information infrastructure (2005-2009) of The project of Coastal and Marine
Comprehensive Survey and Assessment, GIS applications on coastal and marine environmental
protection in the region will be developed further.
HY-1A satellite and FY-1D satellite that were launched in2002 make it easy thatData
acquisition of high-resolution satellite information in the Region. The satellites remote-sensing
applications have been further developed on coastal and marine environmental protection in the
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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region. The RS applications are presented in detail: coastal and Marine environment monitoring,
Marine resources management, marine fishery resource environment monitoring, Red tide
monitoring, spill emergency response and Oceanography science researches, ect..
Through past few years’ efforts, National marine GIS information infrastructure
construction has made a certain extent of development, especially in construction of Marine
information technology infrastructure, marine information system, and marine information
network infrastructure. For instance, Marine environment monitoring and forecast system has
been established, Marine Geographical spatial database of 1 to 1 million has been constructed,
National marine information network has been working.
Quantity of the related institutions/organizations, experts, budget and data
Most of institutions/organizations related to coastal and marine environmental
protection in the Nowpap region have experiences of GIS applications on coastal and
marine environmental protection. Some of them have developed specific applications, and
made GIS software and information management systems.
Quantity of GIS and RS experts depends on the main research directions of the institutes
or organizations. In some institutes that take GIS and RS as main research directions, there are
4-5 experts who are in charge of development of the GIS and RS application in each institute.
For some institutes/organizations that take GIS and RS as main research directions, there are
10-20 experts who are responsible for development of the GIS and RS applications, GIS
software, and maintenance of the developed information system in each institute.
For GIS and RS data on the coastal and marine environmental protection in the NOWPAP
Region, acquisition of RS data is easy, but GIS data are not enough and need to be developed.
Evaluation on the development level of technology at present and the description of its
characteristics
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology makes it possible to integrate data
from several sources. It can manage, analyze, process coastal and marine environmental data,
and present results. In addition, 2D and 3D GIS visualization tools help represent data in a
format that readily shows trends and patterns. The tools can be used for environmental
modeling by integration with environmental model. It can provide information service and
decision support, ect.. The GIS application activities of the ocean industry sector are wide
ranging—from offshore oil and gas facilities management to deep-sea fishing. Geographical
UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1
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Information Systems (GIS), the natural framework for spatial data handling, are being
recognised as a powerful tool with useful applications in marine sciences.
The GIS Integration and Development can make it possible to Provide relevant, easily
accessible spatial data, tools, and support services to the coastal and marine environment and
resource management. It can provide an online service to address coastal and marine issues.
GIS I&D projects typically focus on data access and distribution, Internet mapping, and spatial
data analysis and visualization as a means of addressing coastal and marine environmental
problems, marine protected areas and so on.
12. Comments
Main sources of the report are:
 Web-sites of Agencies/Institutions/Organizations.
 National Report on Coastal and Marine Environmental Data and Information Network
in the Northwest Pacific Region. UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/Publication No. 1. DINRAC, Beijin,
October 2004.
 NOWPAP/DINRAC Questionnaries for Coastal and Marine Environmental GIS and RS
Data Products/Systems/Reports in the NOWPAP Region.
 Annual Reports of Activities of institutions/organizations which are available as
hardcopies and Internet files.
 Papers of some Journals That are available as hardcopies.
Note: The numbers of inventories of data and systems and reports on GIS and RS applications
are incomplete information from the