Download Study Guide Ch. 11 Newell - Methacton School District

Chapter 11 Study Guide
 Greeks honored their gods by imitating them, held festivals in their honor, built temples
for them
 Golden Age of Learning – “Classical Age of Greece”
Oracle – person who it was believed was able to speak to the gods
Prophecy – a statement about what might happen in the future
Oracle of Delphi –the most-important and famous oracle; they believed Delphi was the center
of the Earth
Pancratium – combination of wrestling and boxing
Pentathlon- five events, the winner was considered the best overall athlete
Tragedies – stories about suffering
Comedies –stories with happy endings
Mount Olympus – home of the gods and goddesses
-Greeks believed people put on Earth only to obey and serve the gods
Olympics-a festival held every four years to honor Zeus
-athletes from Greece and their colonies in Italy, Africa, and Asia Minor participated
-chariot races held in the Hippodrome
-winners of events were considered heroes in their city-states
-crowned with an olive leaf wreath
-poets wrote stores about them
-some received free meals for a year
-between events, poets read their works aloud
Herodotus- considered “father of history”
Theatre- came from festivals honoring Dionysus
Tragedies were performed in the morning
Plays were given in open-air theatres, if couldn’t afford to pay, you were admitted free
Socrates- an Athenian philosopher interested in the thinking process
- believed people could discover truth if they knew how to think
Socratic Method- process of asking questions in order to achieve a step by step analysis
to find a final conclusion or truth
- he left no writings!
Plato- student of Socrates
-recorded the speeches of Socrates at his trial; gave us all we know about Socrates
-set-up a school outside Athens called ‘The Academy’
-Wrote “The Republic” the first book on political science
-believed in self-questioning
Aristotle- a student of Plato, he was known as “The Master of them that know”
- Founded a school in Athens and wrote over 200 books
- Provided a third step to the Scientific process
- Developed syllogism- a method of reasoning that uses 3 related statements to reach
a conclusion. The third statement is the conclusion based on the first two:
Example: Athenians are Greek
Socrates is Athenian
Therefore, Socrates is Greek
KNOW HOW TO MAKE YOUR OWN SYLLOGISM
Thales of Miletus- developed the 1st 2 steps of the Scientific Method; predicted an eclipse of
the sun in 585 B.C.
Hippocrates – the “Father of Scientific Medicine”