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Biography of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus
by Lillian Bonar
Essay: Biography of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus
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Octavian enabled the long, nonviolent time of the Pax Romana, (Latin for Roman peace) by changing Rome from a
frail, collapsing republican government to a powerful empire. He is known as the first, and one of the greatest,
Roman Emperors. Octavian was born on September 23, 63 BC and died in 14 AD. Born with the name Gaius
Octavius Thurinus, he was adopted posthumously by his great-uncle Julius Caesar via his will, and then was named
Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus. This happened in 44 BC when Julius Caesar was assassinated by a group of
conspirators. Additionally, he received the name “Augustus,” a term meaning “the revered one,” from the Roman
Senate in 27 BC. Because of the various names he had, it is common to call him Octavius while referring to the
events that between 63 and 44 BC, Octavian when referring to events between 44 and 27 BC, and Augustus when
referring to events after 27 BC. Octavian is arguably the single most important figure in Roman history. Ever since
he was a young boy, he was destined to become the next great leader. For instance, Octavian along with his friend
Marcus Agrippa went to visit the Sibyl of Cumae (oracle). When the Sibyl saw him, she bowed at his feet and said
that he would be the next great leader. He did not believe her at the time, but just a few years later Julius Caesar
would be dead and he would have power. Over the course of his long and spectacular career as Principate of
Rome, he put an end to the collapse of the Republic and established a system that would stand in the Roman
government for three centuries.
Octavian was the great nephew of Julius Caesar, and because of this relationship he had strong political
connections in Rome. Caesar favored Octavian from a very ...
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