Download Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Name
Date
Directed Reading for
Content Mastery
Class
Overview
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Directions: Complete the concept map using the terms in the list below.
elastic limit
magma
elastic rebound
lava
tectonic plate
earthquakes
volcanoes
occur when
rocks within
Earth’s crust are
stressed past their
are related to
occur
when rising
3. ___________
boundaries
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
1.
4.
erupts through a
vent onto Earth’s
surface as
break and
undergo
2.
5.
Directions: Use the following terms to fill in the blanks in the paragraph below.
magma
divergent
mantle
hot spots
tectonic
energy
Volcanoes often occur at 6. _______________ and convergent plate boundaries.
They also occur at 7. _______________ where large, rising bodies of
8. _______________ can force their way through Earth’s 9. _______________
and crust.
Like volcanoes, earthquakes also occur at 10. _______________ plate
boundaries. They are caused by the 11. _______________ generated by the plates’
movement.
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
17
Meeting Individual Needs
Locations of many
Name
Date
Directed Reading for
Content Mastery
Section 1
■
Class
Earthquakes
Directions: Write the term that matches each description below on the spaces provided. The vertical, boxed
letters should spell the word that answers question 10.
1
V
2
M
3
Meeting Individual Needs
4
M
N
5
H
Q
6
7
L
R
9
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
G
type of fault that may form when rocks are compressed
the measurement that describes how much energy an earthquake releases
the fastest type of seismic wave
on the Modified Mercalli scale, a measure of the amount of structural and
geologic damage an earthquake causes
kind of force that causes a strike-slip fault to form
type of seismic wave that causes the most damage
type of fault that may form when rocks are pulled apart
type of fault that may form when rocks slide past one another in opposite directions
instrument used to record seismic waves
10. what can happen when rocks pass their elastic limit, break, and snap back in
elastic rebound?
18 Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
8
F
Name
Date
Directed Reading for
Content Mastery
Section 2
Section 3
Class
■
■
Volcanoes
Earthquakes,
Volcanoes, and Plate
Tectonics
Directions: Complete the following sentences using the terms listed below.
hot spot
shield
composite
tephra
1. ____________________ volcanoes such as the Soufriere Hills volcano often form
along subduction zones.
2. Bits of rock or solidified lava that fall from the air after a volcanic eruption are
called ____________________.
3. The type of volcanic eruption depends on the amount of gases and the composition
of the ____________________.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
4. The largest volcanoes are ____________________ volcanoes, which produce
basaltic lava.
5. ____________________ eruptions occur when very fluid magma oozes from
cracks in Earth’s surface.
6. The Hawaiian Islands did not form at a boundary of tectonic plates, like most
volcanoes, but over a ____________________.
Directions: Study the following diagrams. Then label the plate boundaries as divergent, transform, or
convergent.
A
7. A. ____________________
B
C
C. ____________________
B. ____________________
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
19
Meeting Individual Needs
magma
fissure
Name
Date
Directed Reading for
Content Mastery
Class
Key Terms
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Directions: Write the correct term from the list in the space provided next to each definition below.
fault
hot spot
shield volcano
epicenter
rift
tsunami
seismic safe
lava
seismograph
cinder cone volcano
seismic wave
focus
composite volcano
magnitude
Meeting Individual Needs
1. broad volcano with gently sloping sides
2. long crack that forms as two tectonic plates move apart
3. magma that reaches Earth’s surface
4. point inside Earth where earthquake movement first
occurs
5. small volcano formed from tephra
6. the surface of a break in a section of rock
8. steep-sided volcano formed from layers of lava and
tephra
9. point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an
earthquake
10. rising magma that may force its way through Earth’s
crust, not at a plate boundary
11. type of building structure that can withstand
earthquake vibrations
12. waves generated by an earthquake and measured using
the Richter scale
13. the instrument scientists use to record the
measurements in question 12
14. the height of the lines recorded on a seismograph, or
the amount of energy released by an earthquake
20 Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
7. powerful sea wave caused by an earthquake