Download Year 8 Exam 2016 – topics checklist

Year 8 Exam 2016 – topics checklist
CELLS
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Label a diagram of an animal, plant and a bacteria cell, identifying the major organelles
Describe the function of:
o Cell membrane
o Cytoplasm
o DNA
o Nucleus
o Cell wall
o Central vacuole
o Mitochondria
o Chloroplast
Distinguish between cells, tissues, organs, organ systems and organisms
Describe the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells
Describe the difference between animal and plant cells
State examples of different types of cells and relate their structure to their function (e.g. flagellum
on a sperm cell assists in motion of the cell to allow for sexual reproduction)
Describe the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms, giving an example of each
Name a type of cell division involved in growth and repair
Describe binary fission and give an example of a cell that dives by binary fission
Describe mitosis and give an example of a cell that divides by mitosis
CHEMISTRY
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describe the properties and physical behaviour of solids, liquids and gases
describe the changes in the physical properties of substance during melting, freezing, evaporation,
boiling, condensation and sublimation
relate changes of state to heating and cooling
define melting point and boiling point
describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solids, liquids and gases
describe the diffusion of gases and why it occurs in terms of the particle model
use the particle model to explain why solids, liquids and gases expand when they are heated
describe the behaviour of gases under pressure in terms of the particle model
link the energy of particles to heating and cooling
link changes in state to the flow of energy into or out of a substance and the subsequent changes in
the behaviour of the particles of the substance
describe some common chemical elements
recall the chemical symbols of some common elements
model the structure of the atom and describe the characteristics of the three main particles
recall that each chemical element is identified with a unique atomic number, which is equal to the
number of protons in its nucleus
distinguish between metals, non-metals and metalloids
identify similar properties of groups of elements in the periodic table
distinguish between elements, compounds and mixtures
recall that the atoms in compounds are bonded very tightly together
recall that elements can be separated from compounds only as a result of a chemical reaction
recognise that the properties of compounds are different from the elements that make them up
use the formulae of simple compounds to identify the elements that make them up
model the arrangement of atoms in the molecules of some compounds
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distinguish between the physical and chemical properties of substances
outline some examples of physical and chemical properties
recognise that the chemical properties of a substance affect its use
define chemical change as a change in which the bonds between atoms or molecules are broken or
new bonds between these particles are formed
distinguish between physical changes and chemical changes
define a chemical reaction as a chemical change in which a new substance is produced
identify evidence that a chemical reaction has taken place
distinguish between the reactants and products of a chemical reaction
describe simple chemical reactions using word equations
describe a variety of methods of speeding up or slowing down chemical reactions
recognise that corrosion and burning (combustion) are chemical reactions
ROCKS
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describe the formation of igneous rocks
distinguish between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks
explain how cooling rate affects crystal size
describe the formation of sedimentary rocks
explain the role of water in the formation of many sedimentary rocks
describe the roles of heat and pressure in the formation of metamorphic rocks
identify the cyclic nature of the formation of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
identify the type of rock (igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic) using a key based on observing
physical and chemical properties
outline the uses of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, including as building materials
and in Australian Indigenous culture
recall that all rocks are made of substances called minerals
describe the physical properties of a variety of minerals
recognise that the minerals in some rocks provide valuable resources
explain how layers of sedimentary and other rocks, together with fossils, reveal information about
past environments and life on Earth