Download Key Prokaryotes: have no cell membrane, no membrane bound

Key
Name: ___________
____________ Block: _________ Date: ____________________
Bacteria Worksheet #1
Biology 11
1.
How can you distinguish a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
Prokaryotes: have no cell membrane, no membrane bound
organelles, no nucleus, are much smaller than Eukaryotes and have
simple DNA. They also have plasmids which Eukaryotes don’t have.
2.
Describe the differences between the two main groups of Kingdom Monera: Archaebacteria and
Eubacteria.
Eubacteria(bacteria) live everywhere and are very common.
Archaebacteria (archaea) are extremophiles and live in
extremely hot/salty/acidic environments.
3.
Identify each of the following structures on the bacterium below.
1- Capsule
2- Cell membrane
3- Cell wall
4- Chromosome
5- Flagella
6- Pilus
7- Plasmid
1
8- Ribosomes
3
2
4
5
7
8
6
Name: ___________ ____________ Block: _________ Date: ____________________
4.
Describe the three main groups of archaebacteria, and the characteristics that distinguish them
from each other.
Acedophiles - Live in extremely acidic environments
Halophiles - live in extremely salty environments
Thermophiles - Live in extremely hot environments
5.
Describe the three main groups of eubacteria, and the characteristics that distinguish them from
each other.
Heterotrophs - Eat other organic molecules
Photoautotrophs - Make their own food using light
Chemoautotrophs - Make their own food using inorganic chemicals
6.
How can bacteria be identified? Name and describe three ways.
Their shape and growth pattern
Gram staining (positive or negative)
Mode of feeding
7. Describe how bacteria reproduce
(a) Sexually conjugation: Transfer
of plasmid from one bacteria to another
Transformation: picking up of DNA from a dead bacteria
Transduction: Transfer of DNA from one bacteria to another via a viral attack
(b) Asexually
Binary Fission: when one bacterium splits into 2
8.
Explain the differences between obligate aerobes, obligate anaerobes, and facultative anaerobes.
(3 marks)
Obligate aerobes: NEED oxygen to respire and survive
Obligates anaerobes: will DIE in the presence of oxygen
Facultative anaerobes: will use oxygen when it’s available but don’t need it to
survive
9.
List and briefly describe 5 ways in which bacteria are important to Earth.
help digest food in animal intestines
help break down dead organisms
are food for other organisms
used to clean up toxic environments
etc.